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Carbon: Transformations in Matter and Energy Environmental Literacy Project Michigan State University Plants Unit Activity 5.4: Explaining How Plants Grow: Biosynthesis 1 Unit Map You are here 2 Revisit your arguments Think about what you know now that you didn’t know before. What have you learned? 3 How do plants use food and minerals as materials for growth? 4 Biosynthesis Materials for growth: Biosynthesis Food To Cells Energy: Cellular respiration 5 Constructing Explanations Consider the following as you construct your explanation: • Evidence from the investigation • What you learned from the molecular modeling or tracing activity • Three Questions Handout 6 Comparing Ideas with a Partner • Compare your explanations for each of the Three Questions. – How are they alike? – How are they different? • Check your explanation with the middle- and right-hand columns of the Three Questions handout. • Consider making revisions to your explanation based on your conversation with your partner. 7 The Matter Movement Question water minerals Glucose Which atoms and molecules move so that plants can grow through biosynthesis? The Matter Movement Question water minerals glucose How do glucose water, and minerals move for a plant stem cell to grow? Matter Movement Small Organic Molecules or Monomers Do you have: • an arrow showing small organic molecules or monomers (amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids) going into the potato cell? 10 Matter Movement Soil Minerals Small Organic Molecules or Monomers Do you have: • an arrow showing soil minerals going into the potato cell? 11 Matter Movement Soil Minerals Small Organic Molecules or Monomers Do you have: • large organic molecules (or polymers) staying in the potato cell? Large organic molecules or polymers 12 The Matter Change Question What happens to small organic molecules during biosynthesis? Chemical change Small organic molecules (monomers) go into cells, but don’t come out. What happens inside the cells? Matter Change Name the chemical change that potato cells use to build large organic molecules: Biosynthesis 14 Matter Change What molecules are carbon atoms in before the chemical change? Small organic molecules (or monomers such as amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids) Chemical What molecules are carbon atoms in after the chemical change? Large organic molecules (or carbohydrates, Fats/Lipids, and Proteins) Change What other molecules are needed? None What other molecules are produced? Water 15 Energy Change What forms of energy go What forms of energy into this chemical change? come out of this chemical change? Chemical Energy Chemical Energy 16 Telling the Whole Story Question: How does a cell in the root of a potato use food to grow and divide? • Does your story include these parts? Matter movement: Small organic molecules (monomers, such as amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, and glycerol) and minerals from the soil enter the potato cell. Matter change: The small organic molecules (monomers) and soil minerals are combined together to make large organic molecules (polymers), such as carbohydrates, fays/lipids, and proteins. Water is produced during this process. Energy change: The chemical energy stored in the C-C and C-H bonds in the small organic molecules (monomers) stays in these bonds when they are combined into large organic molecules (polymers). The polymers still have chemical energy in C-C and C-H bonds after biosynthesis. Matter movement: The cell grows bigger and may eventually divide as more large organic molecules (polymers) are made. 17 Discuss with a partner 18