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Spring2016 WelcometothelatestGreenBridgesnewsletter.Asyoumayhaveheard,wehave anewlogoandwehopeyouallagreethatitiseye-catchingandwillserveuswell asweforgeaheadpromotingourprogram.WewillbemailingoutGreenBridges signstoqualifiedapplicantssoon.Ifyouhaveacertifiedgardenandhavenot gottenasign,[email protected] wonderfultohavethesesignssowecanletthepublicknowaboutourprogram. NOTABLENATIVE2016–Pycnanthemum PycnanthemumpilosummountainmintPhoto:KarenO'Brien WEBINARONTHENOTABLENATIVE OnJanuray19,membersofHSAweretreatedtoanoutstandingintroductiontotheNotable Native,Pycnanthemumspp.PresentedbyKathySchlosser,thiswebinarrecountednotonly the attributes of this worthy native herb, but also gave background information on the historyoftheNativeHerbConservationCommitteeaswellastheNotableNativeprogram. Thanks,Kathy,forajobwelldone.Ifyoumissedthewebinar,itwillbepostedsoononthe websitesoyoucanaccessit. EARLYSIGNSOFSPRING–Canyouidentifytheseplants? Thoughit'scoldandwindyoutrightnow(atleastinmypartofthecountry!),springisreally rightaroundthecorner.Soontherewillbebudsswellingandgreenbitspokingtheirheads out.Canyouidentifytheseearlyspringnatives? A Photo:KarenO'Brien CPhoto:KarenO'Brien B Photo:DebraKnapke DPhoto:DebraKnapke EPhoto:KarenO'Brien ANSWERS WEHAVEANEWCHAIRFORGREENBRIDGES! IampleasedtoannouncethatwehaveanewchairoftheGreenBridgesprogram.DebbieBoutelier, PastPresidentandChairoftheNominatingCommittee,hassteppeduptocontinueherworkwith HSA and add momentum to our noteworthy GreenBridges program. She has graciously agreed to begin immediately as chair, and I hope you will all assist her as she jumps into the position. She has a newly certified GreenBridges garden and looks forward to interfacing with all NHCC and GB members.Thankssomuch,Debbie–andgladtohaveyouonboard! IwanttotakeamomenttothankSusanBetz,previousChairofGreenBridges,asshemovesonto new projects. She is still a member and eager as ever to teach others about the safe passage of plantsandpollinators.ShepresentedawebinarforHSAinNovemberandifyoumissedit,youcan access it now by going to theHSA website Members Only section. Thanks, Susan, for all your efforts and enthusiasm. The Botany and Horticulture Chair oversees several committees, which takes a lot of time and coordination. Currently, we really need a chair for the Native Herb Conservation Committee. I am hoping that someone will step forward to chair the NHCC. If you know of anyone who would be a likely candidate, please let me know and I will contact them.As always, if you have questions, concerns, or suggestions, please do not hesitate to contact me. I [email protected]. Thanks, KarenO'Brien HEPATICA:PETTICOATSANDFUR:DRESSEDFORSPRING BySusanBetz Hepaticasymbolizesconfidenceinthelanguageofflowers.Dressedandreadytobloom,hepatica eagerlyawaitsthefirstraysofwarmsunshine.Thefirstflowerofspringboldlypokesherway throughdeadleavesandlingeringsnow. Hepaticaisaquirkyplantwithacharmingandself-deprecatingdisposition.Itsdelicateblue,pinkor whiteflowersareactuallysepalsthatlooklikepetals.“Iwillteachtheworldthatbractsarejustas goodtowraparoundflower-budsassepalsandthatsepalsmaybejustasbeautifulaspetals. SincemypetticoatisprettyenoughforadresswhyshouldInotwearitthus?”—TheChild’sOwn Book OfWildFlowers Aperennialnativeherb,hepaticathrivesinmoist woods beneath oak, beech, and maple trees across Northeastern regions of United States. Theplant’sdistinctiveleatheryleaveshavethree rounded lobes marbled with a purplish hue. Historically, the plant was used medicinally for liverproblems.Theuseandshapeoftheleaves led to the plant’s abundant nicknames. Liverleaf, Round Leaf Hepatica, Liverwort, RoundlobedorKidneyLiver-leafandSquirrelCup. It is associated with some fun plant lore too. Hepatica was once thought to remove freckles and cure crossed eyes or a twisted mouth. NativeAmericanwomenmadelovecharmsfrom Anemoneamericanahepatic aflowerPhoto:SusanBetz theplant“tobewitchmenandmakethemcrazy by affecting their hearts.”– Native American Ethnobotany. Long ago, hepatica was a familiar and popular plant with children in and out of the classroom.Wildflowerssuchashepatica,arbutus,andvioletsgrowingsocloseathandandreadily availablewereusedasseasonalnaturestudysubjects. After the plant finishes blooming, new leaves appear and grow throughout summer. Manufacturing and storing up food in the roots provide hepatica the strength and resources to spring into action during the first cool days of next spring. The leaves and furry stems also provide warmth for emerging flower buds in early spring and hinder ants who try to sneak in and steal flower nectar. However, after thousands of years of living together within the same natural community, the ants and hepatica plants became more friendly. They developed a symbioticrelationshipessentialandbeneficialto bothofthepartiesinvolved. Anemoneamericanahepatic aleafPhoto:SusanBetz Littlelessonsincooperation!Antsprizehepatica seeds as tasty treats. They harvest and carry them back to their nests, eat the seed’s sweet outer shell, and then help plant them by discarding them in the soil beneath the ground. Nowthat’swhatIcallcommunityspirit!Antsand plants cultivating balanced friendly relationships support the workings of the whole ecological system. Anemoneamericanahepatic abudPhoto:SusanBetz Hepatica was brought into cultivation in North Americangardensduringtheeighteenthcentury. It is still a favorite with with rock gardeners looking for early blooming shade plants. It is a beautiful perennial planted under hardwood trees and woodland settings. Wild ginger, bloodroot, trillium, columbine, snowdrops, and spring beauties all make great garden companions for hepaticas. References: •ComstockAnnaB.Handb ookofNatureStudy.ComstockPub lishingCompany:Ithaca,1919Page 496 •Moerman,DanielE.NativeAmericanEthnob otany,Timb erPress:Portland,1998.page260 PLANNINGANATIVEGARDEN ForestfloorPhoto:KarenO'Brien byKarenO'Brien Mythoughthadbeentowriteanarticleonpropagatingnativeplants.Ihadmoderatesuccesswith some of these plants. Mountain mint, spicebush, milkweed, beebalm, coneflower, to name a few, wereallsuccessesinmyattemptto“gonative.”Ialsoachievedgoodgerninationwithanumberof prairieplants,suchascupplantandcompassplant.But,Irecentlyacquiredabook,Handbook of Wild Flower Cultivation, written in conjunction with the New England Wildflower Society, which causedmetostepbackandre-examinemyefforts. Inthisbook,theauthorssuggestthattherearetwowaystogoaboutcreatinganativegarden.The first, which is probably what most of us do, is to add native plants to an existing garden, using plantsfrommanydifferentpartsofourcountry.Plantsfromthemidwest,forexample,woulddojust fine in many yards, using existing soil conditions that might mimic their native territory. Normally, whenahouseisbuilt,thesurroundingareaisdisturbed,andmosttimes,weendupwithsoilthat islackinginorganicmatteroranynutrientsandsoilorganismsthatarenecessarytosustainplant life. So we then start by amending the soil, adding organic matter, to achieve a better soil and environment for our plantings.And that works, for the most part, as long as it is understood that thisisnotactuallya“native”ecosystem.It'smoreofanaturalisticgarden,andcanbeverypleasing and attract pollinators, etc. However, if you are looking for a natural habitat, you've got a lot more workahead. For a natural habitat, you need to have an area that is less disrupted, like a wooded area, or perhapsameadowthathadbeenallowedtoreseed.Anditneedstobenaturaltoyourarea,soif you live in the desert, you can't have a bog or rain forest. Then you must research the plants that will naturally grow in your particular place, so that you are restoring what should be there, rather than creating something new. Certain plants need filtered light, others deep shade or lots of sun. Youneedtoworkwithyoursiteanddevelopwhatwouldnaturallyoccurthere. Now, that's not to say that you can't have plants that exist from other zones or ecosystems. I wouldn'tbewithoutmanyofmyplants,especiallyvegetablesandfruits,justbecausetheyarenot native to my space. They will always be desirable for us, and can be part of our landscape. But if you really want to create a natural habitat, that teems with birds, insects, small mammals, and othercritters,youneedtounderstandtheplantsthatfitbestforyourarea.Doyourhomeworkand searchthemout.Visitnaturalareasnearyouandseewhattypesofplantsthrivethere.Findsome books that list the plants for your zone. Visit nurseries in your area that specialize in natives for yourecoregion. Once you have determined the plants you could grow, be aware of their needs. One critical componentisorganicmatter,atleastinmostpartsofthecountry.Organicmatterholdsmoisture, aerates the soil, and acts as mulch. Think of plants in the forest. There is rarely bare ground anywhere. Leaves, twigs, animal matter and such, are all littering the ground, and decomposing, adding precious nutrients to the forest floor.All of this duff (materials that are on the forest floor) acts as food for bacteria and other soil organisms, which in turn make nutrients available to your plants, and helps increase the efficiency of your soil. Compost or leaf mold are two options availabletoyou.Leaves,byfar,areoneofthebestmulchesandsoilamendments,astheyseldom introduceanyweedseedsascompostwould. MonardafistulosabergamotPhoto:KarenO'Brien Oak,beechormapleleavesworkwellandshreddingtheleaveseitherwithamulchinglawnmower or a leaf shredder helps speed up the process. This also prevents the leaves from forming a mat that can smother the pile. If you set up a compost area, use chicken wire to contain the leaves. You can add leaves as you obtain them, wetting each layer as it goes into your bin. Moist leaves will decompose faster than dry ones. I have the experience of collecting leaves (from family and friends–hey,peopleareusuallymorethanhappytogivethemtoyou!)touseforchickenbedding. Tired of paying for shavings, I gathered leaves and used them in the coop. The chickens would scratch the leaves searching for insects and adding their manure to the leaves. Every couple of yearsIwouldemptythecoop,thenusedtheresultingbeddingasadressingformygardenbeds. One year, I had more leaves than I needed, so I bagged the leaves and left them in the loft of the barn. Apparently, the leaves had enough moisture in them, because a few months later, when I wenttousetheleaves,Ihadgorgeouscompost,dampandsmellingliketheearth. We need to continue the building of our natural habitats, taking back what some have stripped away.Evenalittlecornerofyouryardcansupportnativeplants.Floraandfaunawillflourish,ifyou givethemachance.Ifyouknowofanurseryorgardencenterthatsuppliesplantsparticulartoyour region, please share that information with me. We are looking to create a listing of these establishments,sowecanletothersknowoftheirexistence. IntheNortheast,wehaveseveraloptionsforacquiringnatives.Hereareafew: NortheastPollinatorPlantswww.northeastpollinator.com isanon-lineregionalproviderofnativeperennialsthathavebeencarefullyselectedtoensureeach isofspecialvaluetonativebeesandbumblebees,ourmostimportantpollinators. Selling only to the New England and New York States. Deliveries June–October; orders tak en anytime. Plantsforpollinatorsareratherspecificandvaryfromregiontoregion,duetoalongco-evolutionary process. For thisreasonwearecommittedtosellingtheirplantsonlytotheNewEnglandandNew Yorkstatesregions . TrippleBrookFarmwww.tripplebrookfarm.com/ AtTrippleBrookFarmwestrivetomakeourgardensasproductive,attractive,interesting,andlowmaintenanceaspossible–andtosupplyplantstohelpyoudothesamewithyourgarden.Weofferawide rangeofplants,mostofwhicharecoldhardyinsouthernNewEngland.Weshipplantscontinuouslyfrom earlyspringtolatefalltoallportionsofthecontinentalUSexceptforCalifornia,Oregon,Washington, Arizona,andNevada.TrippleBrookFarmTreeDiggingEquipmentandmostothernon-plantitemscan beshippedworld-wide.Youmayorderon-line,orbyphoneat(413)527-4626.Wearegladtoanswerany questionsyoumayhavealso. TheNewEnglandWildflowerSocietyoperatestwoseasonalvenuesfornativeplants: TheGardenShopatGardenintheWoodsFramingham,MA OpenTuesday-Sunday9a.m.to5p.m.andholidayMondays9a.m.to5p.m.Thursdays:8a.m. to8p.m.Phone508-877-7630x3601 TheGardenShopatNasamiFarmWhatelyMA OpenSaturdayandSunday10a.m.to5p.m.andweek daysbyappointment.Phone413-397-9922 Othernurseriesaroundthecountry: ARKANSAS •PineRidgeGardens.London,arkansas.Mailorder,web,www.pineridgegardens.comMaryAnn Kingnativeplantnurserythatwillship CALIFORNIA •LasPilitasNativePlantNursery–8331NelsonWay,Escondido,CA92026 –3232LasPilitasRd.,SantaMargarita,CA93453 (shipstoCA) •TreeofLifeNursery–33201OrtegaHwy.,Capistrano,CA92675 •MoosaCreekNursery–28435WilkesRd.,ValleyCenter,CA92082 COLORADO •DesertCanyonFarm.1270FieldAvenue,CanonCity–2016OpenFarmDays–April16,2016 thruJune5,2016–SaturdaysthruThursdaysClosedonFridays!Hoursare9:00amto4:00pm •HighCountryGardens–Thisnursery'sheadquartersisinVTbuttheplantsaregrowninNew MexicoandColorado.www.highcountrygardens.com NEWJERSEY •ToadShadeNursery,Frenchtown,NJon-lineonlywww.toadshade.com/plantsandseeds particulartotheNortheast •TripleOakFarm,Franklinville,NJwww.tripleoaks.com OHIO •RiversideNativeTrees-MidwestNativeHardwoodTreesandShrubs www.riversidenativetrees.com 2295RiverRoadDelaware,Ohio43015(740)815-3230 •SciotoGardensNativeNurserywww.sciotogardens.com 3351StateRoute37WestDelaware,Ohio43015(740)363-8264 •NativesInHarmony-GaleMartinandDanGrau-OhioNativePlantswww.nativesinharmony.com 4652TownshipRoad179Marengo,Ohio,43334(419)688-9800/Mobile:(419)688-9800 •NaturallyNativeNursery-JanHunter-NativePlants,Trees&Shrubs-Retail&Wholesale www.naturallynative.net13787StateRoute582,BowlingGreen,Ohio43402(419)833-2020 TENNESSEE •AppalachianNativePlants,Inc,676WaddellRoad,MountainCity,TN37683–dedicatedto demonstratingandprovidingeducationinthepropagation,productionmethodsandpreservationof NativeOrnamentalplantspecies. •GroWildNativePlantNursery,7190HillHughesRd,Fairview,TN37062–Weareanallnativeplant nursery,consult,design,buildfirm.Wegrowover950speciesandcultivarsofnativetotheUnited StatesplantswithconcentrationontheCentralSouth.Currentlywehave34,465nativeplants availableforsale–yeswereallydohavethatmanyandthatdoesn’tincludewhatisn’tforsale! GroWildhashadthepleasuretoinstall8greenroofsincludingtheWilliamJClintonPresidential LibraryinLittleRockArkansas. •ShyValleyFarmNativeHabitatNursery&Herbary,315RidgeRd,FallBranch,TN37656–East Tennessee’sbestsourcefornativeplants,herbs,heirloomtomatoesandedibles! •SunlightGardensWildflowers,Andersonville,TN–mailordersourceforwildflowers,ferns,vines, andshrubsofeasternNorthAmerica.Wegrowhardy,robustplantsthatareentirelynursery propagated.Theywillbeautifyyourgardensandsupportadiversityofwildlife. TEXAS •TheNaturalGardenernaturalgardeneraustin.comAustin,TX •BartonSpringsNurserybartonspringsnursery.netAustin,TX WESTVIRGINIA •EnchantersGarden,Hinton,WVwww.enchantersgarden.com Plantspropagatedfromlocalgeneticsourcesfoundinthemid-AppalachianRegionwithoverlapinto prairie,piedmont,andmorenorthernareasthatincludegrasses,perennials,shrubs.trees,vines. WISCONSIN •StoneSiloPrairieGardens-2325OakRidgeCircleDePereWI54115920-713-2879 www.stonesiloprairie.com.Thisisalocalone.Theirwebsitehaslotsofpicturesforidentification. •PrairieNursery-NeilDiboll-W7262DoverCtWestfieldWI53964800-476-9453 www.prairienursery.com Ifyouareinterestedinworkingmorecloselyonthisprogramasthe NativeHerbConservationCommitteeChair,pleasecontactKarenO'Brien, [email protected]. www.herbsociety.org 440.256.0514 [email protected] TheHerbSocietyofAmerica9019KirtlandChardonRoadKirtland,OH44094 Sha r e this e m a il: Manageyourpreferences|OptoutusingTrueRemove™ Gotthisasaforward?Signuptoreceiveourfutureemails. Viewthisemailonline. 9019Kirtland-ChardonRd Kirtland,OH|44094US Thisemailwassentto. Tocontinuereceivingouremails,addustoyouraddressbook.