Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Name: _______________________________________ Period:_____________________ Cellular Respiration Review Worksheet 1. What are the 2 types of respiration that a cell can use to make ATP and what determines which pathway is used? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Write the overall equation for cellular respiration. Aerobic: _____________________________________________________________________________________ Anaerobic (type 1): ____________________________________________________________________________ Anaerobic (type 2): ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. What are the 3 phases of the cellular respiration process? Aerobic: ______________________________________________________________________________________ Anaerobic: ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Where in the cell does the glycolysis part of cellular respiration occur? _________________________________ 5. Where in the cell does the Krebs (Citric Acid) cycle part of cellular respiration occur? _____________________ 6. Where in the cell does the electron transport part of cellular respiration occur? ___________________________ 7. How many ATP are made in the glycolysis part of cellular respiration?__________ 8. How many ATP are made in the Kreb’s cycle part of cellular respiration? ___________ 9. How many ATP are made in the electron transport part of cellular respiration? ____________ 10. In which phase of cellular respiration is carbon dioxide made? _______________________________ 11. What are NAD+ and FAD? What do they do and what do they become? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. In which phase of cellular respiration is water made?______________________________________________ 13. What would happen to the cellular respiration process if the enzyme (aka catalyst) for one step of the process was missing or defective? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Where does the process of fermentation take place?________________________________ 15. What are the products of lactate fermentation? ________________________________ 16. What are the products of ethanol fermentation? ________________________________ 17. Draw and label a mitochondrion and include all of the parts that are used during cellular respiration. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle ALL that are TRUE. There may be MORE THAN one correct answer. 18. _______________________ is the first step in cellular respiration that begins releasing energy stored in glucose. A. Alcoholic fermentation B. Lactic acid fermentation C. Glycolysis D. Electron transport chain 19. The carriers for energy and high energy electrons during GLYCOLYSIS are ________. A. ATP B. NADH C. FADH2 D. NADPH 20. If oxygen is NOT present, glycolysis is followed by _____________________ A. Krebs cycle B. electron transport chain C. fermentation 21. Name the 3 carbon molecule produced when glucose is broken in half during glycolysis. A. pyruvic acid B. lactic acid C. Acetyl-CoA D. citric acid 22. Since fermentation does not require oxygen it is said to be __________________. A. aerobic B. anaerobic 23. Which high energy electron carrier is regenerated during fermentation that allows cells to continue to make ATP using glycolysis? A. NAD+ B. NADPH C. ATP D. ADP 24. How many ATP molecules are added to get glycolysis started? _________ 25. Since glycolysis produces 4 ATP molecules, this results in a NET GAIN of _____ ATP’s 26. MATCH THE LETTER IN THE DIAGRAM WITH THE LABEL: (You can use them MORE THAN ONCE) Hint E is located outside the mitochondria. It is representing the “jelly” of the cell. ______ MATRIX ______ INTERMEMBRANE SPACE ______ CYTOPLASM ______ OUTER MEMBRANE ______ INNER MEMBRANE (CRISTAE) ______ Place GLYCOLYSIS happens 27. Write the complete overall chemical equation for cellular respiration using chemical symbols instead of words: ____________ + _______________ → ________________+_________________+________________ 28. Compare this reaction to the one you learned about last chapter for PHOTOSYNTHSIS (6 H2O + 6 CO2 + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2) How are these equations related? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tell the kind of fermentation used in each example: 29. Yeast use this to make bread dough rise ________________________ 30. Your muscle cells use this during rapid exercise when oxygen is low ________________ 31. Bacteria and yeast use this to make beer and wine _____________________ 32. Bacteria use this to make cheese, yogurt, and sour cream ___________________ 33. If alcoholic fermentation is used to make bread dough rise, how come you don’t become intoxicated when you eat the bread? _____________________________________________________________________ The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the answer or answers that best complete the statement or answer the question. (THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE RIGHT ANSWER.) 34. Which of the following shows the correct sequence during cellular respiration? A. Electron transport chain → glycolysis → Krebs cycle B. Glycolysis → Electron transport chain → Krebs cycle C. Krebs cycle → Electron transport chain → glycolysis D. Glycolysis → Krebs cycle → Electron transport chain 35. Where do the carbon atoms in pyruvic acid end up following the Krebs cycle? A. They enter the electron transport chain and make ATP B. They become part of a carbon dioxide molecule and end up in the atmosphere C. They join with citric acid to make Acetyl-CoA D. They build up in the intermembrane space 36. Because cellular respiration requires oxygen it is said to be _________________ A. aerobic B. anaerobic 37. How many total ATP molecules are produced by 1 molecule of glucose completing cellular respiration? 2 6 24 36 38. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ARE PRODUCED DURING THE KREBS CYCLE? A. ATP B. NADH C. FADH2 D. CO2 39. What molecule is the final electron acceptor at the end of the Electron transport chain? A. oxygen B. carbon dioxide C. glucose D. NADH 40. The movement of which ion across the membrane from the intermembrane space to the matrix causes ATP synthase to spin and make ATP A. Na+ ions B. oxygen C. H+ ions D. water 41. Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP? A. glycolysis B. Krebs cycle C. Electron transport D. Acetyl-CoA charging 42. Which of the following happens as electrons pass down the Electron Transport chain? A. Energy from the moving electrons transports H+ ions into the intermembrane space B. Carbon dioxide is released C. Energy from H+ ions crossing back into the matrix causes ATP synthase to make ATP. D. Water is produced 43. Use the diagram to the right to name the molecule that joins in this reaction to make Acetyl-CoA. A. ATP B. NADP+ C. Coenzyme A D. citric acid 44. Looking at the diagram on the right… If oxygen is present, what will happen to the NADH produced in this reaction? A. Its electrons will enter the Electron transport chain B. It will donate its H+ ions to make glucose C. It will join with ATP to make citric acid D. It will join with oxygen to make CO2 45. Name the 6 carbon molecule that forms when Acetyl-CoA joins its 2 carbons to a 4 carbon molecule during the Krebs cycle. A. ATP B. pyruvic acid C. glucose D. citric acid 46. MATCH THE LETTER IN THE DIAGRAM WITH THE LABEL: (You can use them MORE THAN ONCE or NOT AT ALL) Hint E is located outside the mitochondria. It is representing the “jelly” of the cell. ______ Place where glycolysis happens ______ Place where enzymes for the Electron Transport Chain are located _____ Place that fills with H+ ions as electrons move down the Electron transport chain ______ Place where ADP and P join to make ATP ______ Place where oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor to make water CELLULAR RESPIRATION VOCABULARY REVIEW 47. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is a 6 carbon molecule that is produced first when acetyl-CoA joins with a 4 carbon molecule to enter the Krebs cycle. 48. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is the process of splitting a glucose molecule into 2 pyruvic acid molecules. 49. The molecule used by cells to store and transfer energy is __ __ __. 50. Glycolysis happens outside the mitochondria in the __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ of the cell. 51. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ happens when oxygen is present and includes glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and Electron transport. 52. This describes a process that requires oxygen = __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 53. This high energy electron carrier produces fewer ATP’s than NADH as its electrons pass Transport Chain because it enters farther down the chain =__ __ __ __ __ through the Electron 54. This atmospheric gas is required for aerobic respiration = __ __ __ __ __ __. 55. This describes a process that does NOT require oxygen; it means “without air” = __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 56. Type of fermentation used by human muscles in low oxygen conditions and microorganisms to make yogurt, cheese, pickles, sauerkraut and kimchi. = __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 57. As electrons pass down the electron transport chain, H+ ions build up in the __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ space. 58. The __ __ __ __ __ cycle breaks down pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and produces NADH, FADH 2, and ATP. 59. The NADH and FADH2 produced during the Krebs cycle pass their electrons down the __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ chain to produce ATP. 60. The passage of H+ ions through __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ causes it to spin and produce ATP. 61. This 3 carbon molecule is produced during glycolysis when glucose splits in half = __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 62. Cell organelle which acts as the cell’s power plant to burn glucose and store energy as ATP = __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 63. If oxygen is NOT present, glycolysis is followed by __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 64. Type of fermentation used to make bread dough rise and produce beer and wine. = __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 65. This molecule has the formula C6H12O6 and is split in half during glycolysis = __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 66. The carbon atoms in pyruvic acid end up as __ __ __ in the atmosphere following the Krebs cycle. 67. The folded inner membranes inside a mitochondrion are called __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 68. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ forms when Coenzyme A attaches to two carbons from pyruvic acid. 69. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is the storage form of glucose used by animal cells which can be broken down for energy when glucose is used up. 70. The area inside the cristae where the Krebs cycle happens is the __ __ __ __ __ __. 71. Label numbers 1,2,3 Cellular Respiration Review Worksheet 1. What are the 2 types of respiration that a cell can use to make ATP and what determines which pathway is used? Aerobic respiration & anaerobic respiration; they depend on the presence or absence of oxygen 2. Write the overall equation for cellular respiration. Aerobic: Glucose + oxygen yields carbon dioxide + water Anaerobic (alcohol fermentation): Glucose→ ethanol alcohol + carbon dioxide Anaerobic (lactate formation): Glucose → lactic acid 3. What are the 3 phases of the cellular respiration process? Aerobic: Glycolysis & Kreb’s cycle/electron transport chain Anaerobic: Glycolysis & Lactate Formation or Alcohol Feremntation 4. Where in the cell does the glycolysis part of cellular respiration occur? Why? Cytoplasm; the necessary enzymes are located there 5. Where in the cell does the Krebs (Citric Acid) cycle part of cellular respiration occur? Why? Mitochondrial matrix; the necessary enzymes are located there 6. Where in the cell does the electron transport part of cellular respiration occur? Why? Mitochondrial membrane/cristae; increased surface area for more ATP production 7. How many ATP are made in the glycolysis part of cellular respiration? 2 8. How many ATP are made in the Kreb’s cycle part of cellular respiration? 2 9. How many ATP are made in the electron transport part of cellular respiration? 32 10. In which phase of cellular respiration is carbon dioxide made? Kreb’s cycle 11. What are NAD+ and FAD? What do they do and what do they become? They are electron carriers in the ETC; they become NADH and FADH2 12. In which phase of cellular respiration is water made? Electron Transport Chain or ETC 13. What would happen to the cellular respiration process if the enzyme (aka catalyst) for one step of the process was missing or defective? The process would stop and no more products would be made 14. Where does the process of fermentation take place? cytoplasm 15. What are the products of lactate fermentation? Crista (plural cristae) Lactic acid 16. What are the products of ethanol fermentation? Ethanol and carbon dioxide 17. Draw and label a mitochondrion and include all of the parts that are used during cellular respiration. Answer given and labeled picture given above CELLULAR RESPIRATION MULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle ALL that are TRUE. There may be MORE THAN one correct answer. 18. _______________________ is the first step in cellular respiration that begins releasing energy stored in glucose. A. Alcoholic fermentation B. Lactic acid fermentation C. Glycolysis D. Electron transport chain 19. The carriers for energy and high energy electrons during GLYCOLYSIS are ________. A. ATP B. NADH C. FADH2 D. NADPH 20. If oxygen is NOT present, glycolysis is followed by _____________________ A. Krebs cycle B. electron transport chain C. fermentation 21. Name the 3 carbon molecule produced when glucose is broken in half during glycolysis. A. pyruvic acid B. lactic acid C. Acetyl-CoA D. citric acid 22. Since fermentation does not require oxygen it is said to be __________________. A. aerobic B. anaerobic 23. Which high energy electron carrier is regenerated during fermentation that allows cells to continue to make ATP using glycolysis? A. NAD+ B. NADPH C. ATP D. ADP 24. How many ATP molecules are added to get glycolysis started? _2________ 25. Since glycolysis produces 4 ATP molecules, this results in a NET GAIN of __2___ ATP’s 26. MATCH THE LETTER IN THE DIAGRAM WITH THE LABEL: (You can use them MORE THAN ONCE) __D____ MATRIX ___B___ INTERMEMBRANE SPACE ___E__ CYTOPLASM ___A___ OUTER MEMBRANE __C____ INNER MEMBRANE (CRISTAE) ___E___ Place GLYCOLYSIS happens 27. Write the complete overall chemical equation for cellular respiration using chemical symbols instead of words: C6H12O6 + ______O2_________ → ______CO2__________+________H2O_________+_______ATP_________ 28. Compare this reaction to the one you learned about last chapter for PHOTOSYNTHSIS (6 H2O + 6 CO2 + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2) How are these equations related? They are complimentary or opposite reactions. Tell the kind of fermentation used in each example: 29. Yeast use this to make bread dough rise ____ALCOHOL____________________ 30. Your muscle cells use this during rapid exercise when oxygen is low _______LACTIC_________ 31. Bacteria and yeast use this to make beer and wine _________ALCOHOL____________ 32. Bacteria use this to make cheese, yogurt, and sour cream ______LACTIC_____________ 33. If alcoholic fermentation is used to make bread dough rise, how come you don’t become intoxicated when you eat the bread? IT BREAKS DOWN OR DENATURES AS IT COOKS. This is why you can have red wine sauce under the age of 21… The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the answer or answers that best complete the statement or answer the question. (THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE RIGHT ANSWER.) 34. Which of the following shows the correct sequence during cellular respiration? A. Electron transport chain → glycolysis → Krebs cycle B. Glycolysis → Electron transport chain → Krebs cycle C. Krebs cycle → Electron transport chain → glycolysis D. Glycolysis → Krebs cycle → Electron transport chain 35. Where do the carbon atoms in pyruvic acid end up following the Krebs cycle? A. They enter the electron transport chain and make ATP B. They become part of a carbon dioxide molecule and end up in the atmosphere C. They join with citric acid to make Acetyl-CoA D. They build up in the intermembrane space 36. Because cellular respiration requires oxygen it is said to be _________________ A. aerobic B. anaerobic 37. How many total ATP molecules are produced by 1 molecule of glucose completing cellular respiration ? 2 6 24 36 38. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ARE PRODUCED DURING THE KREBS CYCLE? A. ATP B. NADH C. FADH2 D. CO2 39. What molecule is the final electron acceptor at the end of the Electron transport chain? A. oxygen B. carbon dioxide C. glucose D. NADH 40. The movement of which ion across the membrane from the intermembrane space to the matrix causes ATP synthase to spin and make ATP A. Na+ ions B. oxygen C. H+ ions D. water 41. Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP? A. glycolysis B. Krebs cycle C. Electron transport D. Acetyl-CoA charging 42. Which of the following happens as electrons pass down the Electron Transport chain? A. Energy from the moving electrons transports H + ions into the intermembrane space B. Carbon dioxide is released C. Energy from H+ ions crossing back into the matrix causes ATP synthase to make ATP. D. Water is produced 43. Use the diagram to the right to name the molecule that joins in this reaction to make Acetyl-CoA. A. ATP B. NADP+ C. Coenzyme A D. citric acid 44. Looking at the diagram on the right… If oxygen is present, what will happen to the NADH produced in this reaction? A. Its electrons will enter the Electron transport chain B. It will donate its H+ ions to make glucose C. It will join with ATP to make citric acid D. It will join with oxygen to make CO2 45. Name the 6 carbon molecule that forms when Acetyl-CoA joins its 2 carbons to a 4 carbon molecule during the Krebs cycle. A. ATP B. pyruvic acid C. glucose D. citric acid 46. MATCH THE LETTER IN THE DIAGRAM WITH THE LABEL: (You can use them MORE THAN ONCE or NOT AT ALL) ___E__ Place where glycolysis happens ___C__ Place where enzymes for the Electron Transport Chain are located ___B__ Place that fills with H+ ions as electrons move down the Electron transport chain ___C__ Place where ADP and P join to make ATP ____D__ Place where oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor to make water CELLULAR RESPIRATION VOCABULARY REVIEW 47. _CITRIC ACID _ is a 6 carbon molecule that is produced first when acetyl-CoA joins with a 4 carbon molecule to enter the Krebs cycle. 48. _G L Y C O L Y S I S _is the process of splitting a glucose molecule into 2 pyruvic acid molecules. 49. The molecule used by cells to store and transfer energy is A T P. 50. Glycolysis happens outside the mitochondria in the _C_ _Y_ _T_ _O_ _P_ _L_ _A_ _S_ _M_ of the cell. 51. _A _E_ R__O _B_ I__C R _E_ S__P _I_ R A__T _I_ O__N _ happens when oxygen is present and includes glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and Electron transport. 52. This describes a process that requires oxygen = A E R O B I C. 53. This high energy electron carrier produces fewer ATP’s than NADH as its electrons pass through the Electron Transport Chain because it enters farther down the chain =_FADH2_ 54. This atmospheric gas is required for aerobic respiration = O X Y G E N. 55. This describes a process that does NOT require oxygen; it means “without air” =A N A E R O B I C 56. Type of fermentation used by human muscles in low oxygen conditions and microorganisms to make yogurt, cheese, pickles, sauerkraut and kimchi. = L A C T I C A C I D . 57. As electrons pass down the electron transport chain, H + ions build up in the I N T E R M E M B R A N E space. 58. The K R E B S cycle breaks down pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and produces NADH, FADH 2, and ATP. 59. The NADH and FADH2 produced during the Krebs cycle pass their electrons down the E L E C T R O N T R A N S P O R T chain to produce ATP. 60. The passage of H+ ions through A T P S Y N T H A S E causes it to spin and produce ATP. 61. This 3 carbon molecule is produced during glycolysis when glucose splits in half = P Y R U V I C A C I D or Pyruvate 62. Cell organelle which acts as the cell’s power plant to burn glucose and store energy as ATP =M I T O C H O N D R I A 63. If oxygen is NOT present, glycolysis is followed by F E R M E N T A T I O N . 64. Type of fermentation used to make bread dough rise and produce beer and wine. =A L C O H O L I C 65. This molecule has the formula C6H12O6 and is split in half during glycolysis = G L U C O S E 66. The carbon atoms in pyruvic acid end up as C O 2 in the atmosphere following the Krebs cycle. 67. The folded inner membranes inside a mitochondrion are called C R I S T A E 68 A C E T Y L C O A or Coenzyme A forms when Coenzyme A attaches to two carbons from pyruvic acid. 69. G L Y C O G E N is the storage form of glucose used by animal cells which can be broken down for energy when glucose is used up. 70. The area inside the cristae where the Krebs cycle happens is the M A T R I X 71. LABEL &/OR EXPLAIN EACH OF THE FOLLOWING DIAGRAMS: On your sheet there is only 1 diagram here are 2 more to practice with… INTERMEMBRANE SPACE INNER MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE CYTOPLASM MATRIX OUTER MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE 1. GLYCOLYSIS 2. KREBS 3. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN ADP+P GLYCOLYSIS TO ELECTRON TRAINSPORT CHAIN TO ATMOSPHERE INTERMEDIATE STEP TO ELECTRON TRAINSPOTY CHAIN TO KREBS CYCLE