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8th Grade Plate Tectonics & Topographic Maps Test 1. The mid-ocean ridge is a. Another name for Pangaea b. The Rocky Mountains c. A volcano d. A huge mountain range under the ocean 2. The lithosphere includes both the crust and the solid part of theA. Inner Core B. Outer Core C. Mantle D. All of the above 3. Which is the best description of the characteristics of the asthenosphere? A. Solid, but flowing like putty B. Liquid, but dense C. Solid metal that is hot D. Brittle metal that is shifting 4. Use the apple as a model of the Earth. Which is the correct labeling of the three layers of the Earth? A. A is the core; B is the mantle; C is the lithosphere. A B B. A is the mantle; B is the core; C is the crust. C. A is the crust; B is the mantle; C is the core. D. A is the core; B is the lithosphere; C is the mantle. C 5. According to the illustration, which of the labeled plates is the North American Plate? A. B. C. D. Plate W Plate X Plate Y Plate Z Use for Questions 5 and 6. 6. Which tectonic plate lies at the starred location? A. African Plate B. Eurasian Plate C. North American Plate D. South American Plate 7. The Earth’s mantle is made up of very hot material that rises to the top of the mantle, cools, then sinks, reheats, and rises again, constantly repeating the cycle. This action is known as – A. convection currents B. radiation rays C. hot spots D. magnetic fields 8. When two oceanic plates move away from each other, what type of boundary is it and which land feature is formed? A. B. C. D. convergent boundary; folded mountains convergent boundary; trench divergent boundary; rift valley divergent boundary; sea-floor spreading 9. All of the following are possible clues to the existence of Pangaea EXCEPT -a. Similar fossils found on separate continents b. Puzzle like fit of continent shapes c. Glacial remains in current tropical areas d. Arctic animals having white fur and thick blubber 10. What is the geological event that will most likely occur where plates are sliding against each other? A. B. C. D. mountains volcanoes earthquakes ocean ridge 11. When tectonic plates are colliding, what is the geological event that will not occur at a convergent boundary? A. B. C. D. mountains volcanoes volcanic islands rift valley 12. What is the geological event that will most likely occur where continental plates move apart at a divergent boundary? A. B. C. D. rift valley mountains volcanoes trenches 13. Places where plates meet are called __________. A. rifts B. boundaries C. earthquakes D. volcanoes 14. Which of the following statements best describes the formation of the tallest mountains in the world? A. B. C. D. At a divergent boundary, magma rises up from the mantle. At a convergent boundary, two plates collide and fold upwards. At a convergent boundary, an oceanic plate can be subducted under another. At a transform boundary, two tectonic plates slide past each other. 15. Between which two plates is a mid-ocean ridge and sea-floor spreading most likely located? South American and Nazca Plates Pacific and Cocos Plate North American and Pacific Plates North-American and African Plates A. B. C. D. 16. Which tectonic plate is located at the center of the Ring of Fire, a major area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur? A B C D African North American Pacific Eurasian 17. A student uses a boiled egg to illustrate the structural layers of Earth as seen in the diagram above. Which of the following is an advantage of this model? A B C D The model is composed of the same materials as Earth. The model shows the asthenosphere and lithosphere as layers of Earth. The model is a similar shape as Earth and illustrates the layers in order. The model illustrates the convection currents that exist in the mantle. 18. A student uses a piece of clay to model the slow collision of one continental plate with another. What would this kind of plate movement cause? A B C D mountains deep-sea trenches volcanic islands rift valleys 19. The diagram and table below contain information about Earth’s internal structure and composition. Earth’s Internal Structure Inner Core Atmosphere Outer Core Crust Mantle Characteristics of Earth’s Layers Layer Thickness of Layer (km) Temperature (C) Crust 100 0-35 Upper mantle 600 870 Lower mantle 2,200 2,200-3,700 Outer core 2,500 4,000-5,000 Inner core 1,220 5,000-7,000 This cross-sectional model reveals Earth’s internal structure. Compared to the other layers, the crust is— A hotter and denser B denser and more molten C cooler and thinner D cooler and more fluid 20. Geologic events cause change and form the landscape of Earth’s surface over time. The San Andreas Fault is located at the point where the North American and Pacific Plates meet. Which geologic event is caused by slipping along the two plates? A B C D volcanic eruption earthquake changes to ocean basins geyser eruption 21. The following diagram shows a cross-section of Earth. Not drawn to scale Which letter on the diagram represents the location of the asthenosphere? A Location A because the asthenosphere is made up of the crust and the brittle upper mantle B Location B because the asthenosphere is made up of solid tectonic plates C Location C because the asthenosphere is made of partially molten rock that is plastic and soft enough to flow D Location D because the asthenosphere is a dense hot liquid made mostly of iron and nickel Type of Boundary Motion ? Collision Effect Uplift Topography Volcanic Activity Mountains No Diagram 22. According to the information above, which of the following best completes the table with the type of plate boundary? A divergent B transform C convergent, ocean-to-continent D convergent, continent-to-continent 23. Earthquakes are more common in California than they are in Texas because of the movement of which two tectonic plates? A B C D Pacific and South American Eurasian and African North American and Pacific South American and North American Type of Boundary Motion ? Collision Effect Subduction Topography Volcanic Activity Volcanic mountains Yes Volcanic mountain range ocean Diagram 24. According to the information above, which of the following best completes the table with the type of plate boundary? A convergent, ocean-to-continent B convergent, continent-to-continent C divergent D transform 25. A student creates a chart to identify geologic events caused by different types of plate boundaries. Geologic Events at Plate Boundaries Plates at Boundary Type of Boundary Geologic Event Divergent Mid-Ocean Ridge Eurasian / Indian Convergent Mountain range Eurasian / Pacific Convergent Trench Pacific / North American Transform Earthquake South American / African Which diagram most accurately represents the type of boundary found at the South American and African plates? A C B D 26. Which table represents the type of boundary for each diagram? A C A B D Use the map for questions 27-29. 27. At which location are large folded mountains most likely located? 28. At which location is a subduction zone with volcanic islands most likely located? 29. At which location would new ocean floor be forming? 30. Which table represents a land feature or geologic process that occurs at each type of boundary pictured? Use the map to answer questions 31-32. 31. What is happening at location C? A. B. C. D. Transform boundary Subduction zone Hot spot Sea floor spreading 32. What geologic feature is found at location D? A. B. C. D. Folded mountains Archipelago Mid-ocean ridge Earthquake zone 33. Which scientist developed the Theory of Continental Drift? A. B. C. D. Albert Einstein Isaac Newton Harry Hess Alfred Wegener 34. What new wartime technology invention helped to prove this theory by mapping the ocean floor? A. B. C. D. E. Sonar Telescope Microscope Satellite imagery Oceanograscope 35. What discoveries proved the theory of sea-floor spreading which led to the Theory of Plate Tectonics? A. B. C. D. Alternating bands of magnetic strips along the seafloor Underwater volcanic activity and a huge mountain range that circled the earth Age of oceanic rock getting older the farther away from the ridge All of the above Match the following pictures to the correct topographic map. 36. _________ 37. _________ 38. _________ 39. _________ 40. _________ Use the topographic map below to answer questions 41-45. Miles 41. What is the contour interval of the topographic map? D A. B. C. D. E. 10 ft. 50 ft. 100 ft. 500 ft. 1000 ft. C E 42. How many summits or peaks does this island have? A. B. C. D. E. 1 2 3 4 None 43. Which section of the island is steeper? A. B. C. D. Northeast side Southeast side Northwest side Southwest side A B 44. What is the difference in elevation for a hike from point A to point C? A. 3,000 ft. B. 2,000 ft. C. 3,500 ft. D. 1,500 ft. 45. What is the distance for a hike from point B to point E? A. 4 miles B. 5.5 miles C. 3.5 miles D. 7 miles Match the words to the correct definitions for questions 46-50. 46. Key A. The difference in elevation between consecutive contour lines 47. Contour Interval B. Line that passes through all points on a map of the same elevation 48. Index Contour C. Used to compare distances on a map with actual distances on earth 49. Scale D. Explains what each symbol or color means on a map 50. Contour Line E. Thicker lines that are labeled with elevation, every 5th line