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Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
Biology 20 Ch 4 Practice Test
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
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1. The type of environment where a population of organisms normally lives is known as its niche.
____________________
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2. Ecotones are the regions where two adjacent ecosystems overlap. ____________________
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3. Biomes are mostly defined by their specific weather and the plants and animals that are adapted to that
weather. ____________________
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4. Permafrost is a layer of soil found in both the grasslands and the taiga in Canada. This layer never thaws in
either winter or summer due to the cold temperatures of these two regions. ____________________
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5. In the deciduous forests that make up the ecotones between the taiga and the grasslands the trees lose their
leaves in the winter so that the sunlight penetrates to the canopy until the leaves grow in t he spring.
____________________
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Farms try to grow large numbers of domesticated crops in an area where native species used to grow. What
ecological interaction does a farm demonstrate?
A. intraspecific competition
B. interspecific competition
C. resource partitioning
D. predator/prey
2. The theory that two species with similar requirements cannot exist within the same community was proposed
by
A. Shelford
B. Ehrlich
C. Suzuki
D. Gause
3. Which of the following biomes is most likely to have the least amount of precipitation on an annual basis?
A. tundra
B. taiga
C. grassland
D. deciduous forest
4. The greatest BOD (biological oxygen demand) will occur in a water sample when there is
A. a high concentration of organic pollution and a low temperature
B. a high concentration of organic pollution and a high temperature
C. a low concentration of organic pollution and a low temperature
D. a low concentration of organic pollution and a high temperature
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Name: ________________________
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ID: A
5. The biome that covers the greatest amount of area in Canada is the
A. tundra
B. taiga/boreal forest
C. grassland
D. temperate deciduous forest
6. Which of the following biomes has the least amount of area in Canada existing in its undisturbed or natural
state?
A. tundra
B. taiga/boreal forest
C. grasslands
D. temperate deciduous forest
7. Which biome has long periods of darkness?
A. tundra
B. taiga/boreal forest
C. grassland
D. temperate deciduous forest
8. Which of the following abiotic factors affect only aquatic ecosystems?
A. sunlight
B. temperature
C. water pressure
D. chemical environment
Numeric Response
1. Factors affecting population growth:
1. spraying with pesticides
2. competition for mates/breeding area
3. disease
4. destruction of habitat
5. increased predation
6. competition for water or food
7. drought
8. food shortage
9. climate change
Which of the factors from the list above are density-independent? List your selections from lowest to highest
(1-9).
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
Completion
Complete each statement.
1. In the summer, Canadian lakes stratify into the ___________________, and the ___________________
layers based on the density changes that occur in water due to its the thermal properties. These layers are
separated by a region called the ___________________.
2. During the spring and fall the layers of the lakes mix during the ___________________.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
Matching
Match the following terms with their description below.
A. tundra
B. taiga/boreal forest
C. grasslands
D. temperate deciduous forest
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1.
2.
3.
4.
rich layer of undergrowth as well as canopy; black bear, wolves, woodpecker habitat
rapid-flowering plants, mosses, lichens; caribou, ptarmigan, lemming habitat
fescue grasses with trees along rivers and streams; grasshoppers, bison, wolves, hawks habitat
evergreen trees; squirrels, deer, pine martens, seed-eating birds
Match each biome with the correct abiotic factors below.
A. tundra
B. taiga/boreal forest
C. grassland
D. temperate deciduous forest
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5.
6.
7.
8.
rich fertile soil with 25 to 75 cm of precipitation per year
higher temperature with up to 100 cm of precipitation per year
permafrost and very low precipitation each year
acidic soil containing some water and 40 or more cm of precipitation per year
Short Answer
1. Canadian biomes are often divided into ecozones for study purposes. Explain why this approach is useful.
2. Explain the difference between the terms habitat and niche.
3. Trees with deep root systems are able to withstand stronger winds than those with shallow roots. Explain
why trees in the tundra are not able to take advantage of a deep root system?
4. If there is a climate change, most plants and animals can migrate to areas where the conditions more closely
match their needs. Explain why the plants and animals of the tundra would not be able to do this if global
warming were to continue.
5. Both mosquito and mayfly spend their larval stage as an aquatic insect. Mosquito larvae are tolerant of
poor/low oxygen conditions while mayfly larvae are not. Predict what will happen to the size of the
populations of mosquito and mayfly in a stream 5 km below a sewage effluent location relative to those
populations at a sampling point above the effluent. Justify your prediction.
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ID: A
Biology 20 Ch 4 Practice Test
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS: F, habitat
PTS:
2. ANS:
OBJ:
3. ANS:
1
T
4.1
F, climate
OBJ: 4.1
PTS: 1
LOC: 20-B1.2k
REF: K
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
LOC: 20-B1.3k
PTS: 1
REF: K
5. ANS: F, understorey
OBJ: 4.2
LOC: 20-B1.3k
OBJ: 4.2
LOC: 20-B1.3k
1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.1
1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.3
1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
1
REF: K | S
OBJ: 4.5
1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
1
REF: K | S
OBJ: 4.3
OBJ: 4.4
LOC: 20-B1.4k | 20-B1.3s
PTS: 1
4. ANS: F, tundra
PTS: 1
REF: K
LOC: 20-B1.2k
REF: K
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS:
LOC:
2. ANS:
LOC:
3. ANS:
LOC:
4. ANS:
LOC:
5. ANS:
LOC:
6. ANS:
LOC:
7. ANS:
LOC:
8. ANS:
LOC:
B
PTS:
20-B1.1k
D
PTS:
20-B1.4k
A
PTS:
20-B1.3k
B
PTS:
20-B1.4k | 20-B1.3s
B
PTS:
20-B1.3k
C
PTS:
20-B1.3k
A
PTS:
20-B1.3k
C
PTS:
20-B1.4k | 20-B1.3s
NUMERIC RESPONSE
1. ANS: 1, 4, 7, 9
PTS: 1
REF: K | S
1
ID: A
COMPLETION
1. ANS: epilimnion, hypolimnion, thermocline
PTS: 1
2. ANS: turnover
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.3
LOC: 20-B1.3k
REF: K
OBJ: 4.3
LOC: 20-B1.3k
MATCHING
1. ANS:
LOC:
2. ANS:
LOC:
3. ANS:
LOC:
4. ANS:
LOC:
D
20-B1.2k
A
20-B1.2k
C
20-B1.2k
B
20-B1.2k
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
5. ANS:
LOC:
6. ANS:
LOC:
7. ANS:
LOC:
8. ANS:
LOC:
C
20-B1.3k
D
20-B1.3k
A
20-B1.3k
B
20-B1.3k
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2
SHORT ANSWER
1. ANS:
The biomes are too large and therefore too diverse within themselves to be effectively studied. By looking at
sub-regions more specific data can be collected, leading to more effective models and understanding of the
areas.
PTS: 1
REF: K | S
OBJ: 4.2
LOC: 20-B1.2k | 20-B1.1s
2. ANS:
A habitat is the geographical region where a specific population of organisms is usually found. A niche is the
more comprehensive term that includes the habitat of an organism and its role within that habitat; e.g.,. “polar
bears reside in the arctic region” is a description of their habitat while “polar bears are the largest carnivore
of the arctic region and subsist mainly on a diet of seals” is a description of a niche.
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.1
2
LOC: 20-B1.1k
ID: A
3. ANS:
This biome has permafrost and a low annual precipitation. The permafrost would prevent the roots from
penetrating the deeper soils. Low seasonal precipitation levels would also favour trees whose roots spread out
under the surface allowing the tree to absorb water more easily.
PTS: 1
REF: K
OBJ: 4.2 | 4.3
LOC: 20-B1.2k | 20-B1.4k
4. ANS:
The plants and animals of the tundra are already as far north as they can go. Global warming will make
migration for them to a farther north impossible. No sustainable habitat will be available for them as the polar
region is predominantly ice which under global warming models is likely to break up. As the northern ice
melts it does not reveal more land so plants can’t migrate, animals will also be unable to move as their food
sources will not be accessible.
PTS: 1
REF: K | S | STS
OBJ: 4.2 | 4.5
LOC: 20-B1.4k | 20-B1.3s | 20-B1.1sts
5. ANS:
Mosquito population will increase relative to its upstream population.
Mayfly population will decrease relative to its upstream population.
The mayfly population will decrease as they are not tolerant of low oxygen conditions. Low oxygen
conditions will exist because of the organic pollution added by the sewage effluent. The mosquito population
will increase to fill the niche created by the loss of the mayfly populations.
PTS: 1
REF: K | S
OBJ: 4.5
3
LOC: 20-B1.4k | 20-B1.1s