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2016 GK Advance 1 Science The word 'science' comes from the Latin word 'scientia' means 'to know' Physics and Chemistry: The gas used to extinguish fire is carbon dioxide Polythene is industrially prepared by the polymerization of ethylene A substance which changes readily into vapour without heating is called volatile In Photosynthesis light energy is converted into chemical energy. PVC is obtained by the polymerisation of vinyl chloride Graphite is used in pencils. LPG gas consists of mainly methane, butane and propane Brass gets discoloured in air because of the presence of which of the following gases in air? Hydrogen sulfide Chemical formula for water is H2O The gas usually filled in the electric bulb is nitrogen Washing soda is the common name for sodium carbonate Quartz crystals normally used in quartz clocks etc. is chemically silicon dioxide The hardest substance available on earth is diamond Graphite is used as a lubricant The inert gas which is substituted for nitrogen in the air used by deep sea divers for breathing, is helium The gases used in different types of welding would include oxygen and acetylene Silicon carbide is used for cutting very hard substances The average salinity of sea water is 3.5% When an iron nail gets rusted, iron oxide is formed with increase in the weight of the nail Galvanised iron sheets have a coating of zinc Nonstick cooking utensils are coated with Teflon Soda water contains carbon dioxide Nitrous oxide is more commonly known as laughing gas? The filament of an electric bulb is made of tungsten Balloons are filled with helium Bell metal, which is used in making bells and related instruments is an alloy of tin and copper When a gas is turned into a liquid, the process is called condensation Which of the following parts of the sun is easily visible only during a total solar eclipse? corona The study of phenomena at very low temperatures is called cryogenics The branch of medical science which is concerned with the study of disease as it affects a community of people is called epidemiology If a metal can be drawn into wires relatively easily it is called ductile Yeast, used in making bread is a fungus A gas used as a disinfectant in drinking water is chlorine The solar eclipse occurs when moon comes in between the sun and the earth The smallest functional and structural unit of kidney is called as nephron The removal of top soil by water or wind is called soil erosion The intensity of earthquakes is measured on Richter scale The gas predominantly responsible for global warming is carbon dioxide The dynamo is a device for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy The concept of carbon credit originated from which one of the following? Kyoto protocol The blue colour of the clear sky is due to dispersion of light Why is it difficult to see through fog? Rays of light are scattered by the fog droplets Which one of the following types of waves are used in a night vision apparatus? infra-red waves Which one of the following planets has largest number of natural satellites or moons? Jupiter When 1 litre of water freezes, the volume of ice formed will be 1.11 litre Mist is caused by water vapours at low temperature Radioactivity is measured by geiger-muller counter What is a zoom lens? It is a lens having variable focal length What range of frequencies are usually referred to as audio frequencies for humans? 20 to 20,000 hertz A device used to measure the amount of moisture in the atmosphere is called a hygrometer Biomass energy is formed through photosynthesis A traveler sees shimmering pond of water some distance ahead of him. This optical illusion is called mirage. Thus, mirage is due to the combination of refraction as well as total internal reflection of light. The colours of the spectrum of white light are violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red (vibgyor). The white light is a mixture of different colours. Each colour is associated with light of a particular wavelength. Red light has longer wavelengths than the blue light. The angle of deviation by a prism is not the same for all the wavelength (colours) of light. Hence the prism disperses white light into its constituent colours. The red is deviated least and the violet most When we place a pencil in a beaker containing water, we observe that the pencil appears to be bent at the point where it just enters water. The phenomenon of bending of light as it passes from one medium to another is known as the refraction of light. Atoms of the same element, i.e. having the same atomic number that differ in atomic weight, are called- isotopes The tides in the ocean are due to-gravitational pull of the moon Dry ice is-solid carbon dioxide The metal that is present in photo films is —silver Long distance photography is facilitated by —infra red rays The major ingredient of leather is —collagen Lightening cause rainfall because —it activate h2o molecule C.T.(computerized tomography) scanning uses —ultrasound waves Which was the first metal made by man? – copper Unit of loudness of sound? – decibel Device used to measure atmospheric pressure – barometer Acoustics is study of sound waves Earth quake waves travel fastest in water What does airbag, used for safety of car driver, contain? Sodium azide Biology: Thalassaemia is a hereditary disease affecting blood Spinach leaves are rich source of iron Small pox is caused by virus Silk is produced by larva of silkworm Persons blood group ‘O’ are called universal donors? Persons with blood group ‘AB” are called universal recipient. In normal adult human, what is the rate of heartbeat per minute? 72-80 Deficiency of iron leads to anemia Longest bone in the body is Femur i.e. Thigh bone Largest organ of the body i.e. Skin Total number of bones in body i.e. 206 Total number of muscles in body i.e. 639 Antibiotics are drugs used for the cure of —bacterial diseases Organ that removes wastes and excess water from the blood – kidney Organ which controls body temperature – skin Hardest substance in the human body - tooth enamel The balancing organ of our body – ear Vitamin which is produced by the sunlight - vitamin D Pomology is the study of – fruits ‘RO’ in water purifiers means ‘Reverse Osmosis’