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Download 001 Mineral Name and Class: Quartz, Tectosilicate Chemical
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001 Mineral Name and Class: Quartz, Tectosilicate Chemical Formula: SiO2 Crystal System: Hexagonal Rock Formation Associated with: Bar Harbor Formation (found on top of) Collection Location: C.O.A. Beach Bar Harbor, Maine 44.39˚ N, 68.22˚ W Description: Quartz is known for its hardness of 7 used in the Mohs Hardness Scale. It is one of the most common minerals in the earth’s crust. It forms an important part of most igneous rocks. At different temperatures, it crystallizes in different ways. It is more commonly white and sometimes yellow, brown, pink, green, blue or black. It breaks in fractures and has no streak. It has a nonmetallic, vitreous/greasy luster and has no reaction to magnets of diluted acid. 002 Mineral Name and Class: Garnet, Nesosilicate Chemical Formula: A 3 B 2(SiO4)3 Crystal System: Isometric Rock Formation Associated with: Mt. Apatite Pegmatite Collection Location: Auburn, ME 44°5’13”N, 70°24’39”W Description: Garnet has a hardness of 7 and breaks in fractures. They are better known as gems than as rockforming minerals. However, they are common and form a small ingredient of igneous and metamorphic rocks. They often form in dodecahedrons with a red/purple color. 003 Mineral Name and Class: (Green) Tourmaline, Cyclosilicate Chemical Formula: Complex Silicate Crystal System: Hexagonal Rock Formation Associated with: (Sebago Pluton) Havey Quarry, Pegmatite Collection Location: AuburnPoland, ME 44°4’18”N, 70°17’54”W Description: Tourmaline is the Maine state mineral! There is “shorl tourmaline” which is black, or there’s also “watermelon tourmaline” which is green/pink. It has a hardness of 7 and breaks in fractures. It’s crystal can form in massive, elongated triangles with black grooves and crosssection striations (which tells you it’s not Amphibole Hornblende). Tourmaline has a pearly, dull luster and tends to crumble easily. Often abundant with mica and feldspars in granitic rocks. 004 Mineral Name and Class: Microcline Feldspar [KSpar], Tectosilicate Chemical Formula: KAlSi308 Crystal System: Triclinic Rock Formation Associated with: Tamminen/Waisanen Quarry Pegmatite Collection Location: Paris, Maine 44°16’59”N, 70°38’21”W Description: KSpar is a potash feldspar the most common one. It often occurs with Quartz, Plagioclase Feldspar, and Muscovite. It has a hardness of 6 and two directions of cleavage. It’s color ranges from whites to pinks and has clear twinning striations. However, lacks the line lines or striations seen on the cleavage faces of plagioclase feldspars. 005 Mineral Name and Class: Massive Lepidolite [perhaps formed with muscovite], Phyllosilicate Chemical Formula: K(Li,Al)13(AlSi3O10)(O, OH, F)2 Crystal System: Hexagonal Rock Formation Associated with: Havey Quarry, Pegmatite Collection Location: AuburnPoland, ME 44°4’18”N, 70°38’21”W Description: Lepidolite has a hexagonal crystal system that it better shown in sample 016. It has a hardness of 34 and 1 direction of cleavage. It has a vitreous, earthy luster and is almost always a palepurple color. It is a lithium mica with potassium and fluorine. It’s an ore of the light metal lithium and also gives a crimson flame color! 007 Proper Name and type: Phyllite, Metamorphic Formal Name: Vassalboro and Waterville Formations Age: Silurian, 440425 Mya Collection Location: Waterville, Maine Description: Pyrite and quartz are present minerals. Shiny, micaceous luster. Finegrained/no visible grains with a welldeveloped texture and more than slaty cleavage. Breaks along wavy/wrinkled foliation surfaces. How/where it formed: Formed from the parent rocks of mudstone, shale or slate. Mudstone/shale [clastic sediment] formed from mostly silt derived from mechanical/chemical weathering of continental rocks [comprised mostly of silicate minerals]. 008 Proper Name and type: Hornfels [Quartzite Sandstone], Metasedimentary Formal Name: Bucksport Formation Age: OrdovicianDevonian, 490360 Mya Collection Location: Dedham Quarry Dedham, Maine 44°43’25”N, 68°36’37”W Description: Microcrystalline texture with wellsorted sand/grain. This nonfoliated rock is dull dark and hard with sizeable bands of quartz veins. It can be described as thinbanded limey quartzite with tightly fused calcite crystals incorporated.There are also traces of biotite in the darker bands causing the purple tint [finely divided quartzite]. How/where it formed: Most likely formed from an intermediate igneous rock weathered into mostly sand and fine grains of quartz, feldspar, rock fragments and/or mud. It was also then exposed to microcrystalline calcite crystals causing it to effervesce. 009 Proper Name and type: Schist, Metamorphic Formal Name: Ellsworth Schist Age: Cambrian Ordovician, 540 455 Mya Collection Location: Hadley Point Ellsworth, Maine 44.44˚ N, 68.31˚ W. Description: Schist has foliation and medium to coarse grains. It is very schistose and interbedded with grayishgreen phyllite and white to grey feldspathic siltstone. How/where it formed: Formed first as sedimentary mudstone which derived from mechanical and chemical weathering of continental rocks. Comprised mostly of micas and amphiboles. 010 Proper Name and type: Pegmatitic Granite, Igneous Formal Name: Tamminen/Waisanen Quarries Pegmatite Age: Carboniferous, 365300 Mya Collection Location: Paris, Maine 44°16’59”N, 70°38’21”W Description: A pegmatite is a coarsegrained vein or dike rock with crystals that range an inch to several feet in length. Pegmatites are mined for their micas and feldspars or for other accessory gems. This pegmatite is made of microcline feldspar, quartz, muscovite, and tourmaline. How/where it formed: As a Granite pegmatite, it formed intrusively, at a subduction zone. May have cooled near the surface for it cooled slowly with viscous magma. All pegmatites visited are related to the Sebago Pluton. 011 Mineral Name and Class: Muscovite, Phyllosilicate Chemical Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Crystal System: Monoclinic Rock Formation Associated with: Havey Quarry Pegmatite Collection Location: AuburnPoland, Maine 44°4’18”N, 70°38’21”W Description: Muscovite is a pale, almost colorless mica with a hardness of 22.5. It is a potash mica and is abundant in granites and pegmatites. It has perfect basal cleavage, which enables one to cleave off paperthin, flexible sheets. It’s named after Muscovy [a Russian term] where it was used as a substitute for glass. It’s a very common mica, occurring in many places. 012 Mineral Name and Class: Biotite, Phyllosilicate Chemical Formula: K(Mg,Fe)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Crystal System: Monoclinic Rock Formation Associated with: Tamminen/Waisanen Quarries, Pegmatite Collection Location: Paris, Maine 44°16’59”N, 70°38’21”W Description: Biotite is a darkcolored mica brown of black and sometimes green. It contains magnesium and iron. It’s also abundant in some granites and common in schists and gneiss. It may occur with muscovite in metamorphic rocks. Thin cleavage [in one perfect direction] often show light spots, rings or halos. It is a hardness of 2.53. 013 Mineral Name and Class: Massive Sulfide Chemical Formula: Variables of: Pyrite, FeS2 and Chalcopyrite, CuFeS2, perhaps Bornite, Cu5Fe3S4 and Sphalerite, ZnS Crystal System: Isometric, tetragonal Rock Formation Associated with: Penobscot/Megunticook Formation Collection Location: Warren Nickel Prospect 44°10’37”N, 69°15’21”W Description: Smells strongly of sulfur and has a distinct red/brown streak. Can be used to obtain sulfur and a source of iron. They’re all metallic with and have strong silver/gold appearances. Hardnesses vary, the most prominent mineral, pyrite, has a hardness of 6. 014 Mineral Name and Class: Albite Feldspar, Tectosilicate Chemical Formula: (Ca, Na) KAlSi3O8 Crystal System: Triclinic Rock Formation Associated with: Havey Quarry Pegmatite Collection Location: AuburnPoland, Maine 44°4’18”N, 70°38’21”W Description: Albite is one of the plagioclase feldspars. It is a sodium feldspar with a slightly lower specific gravity than others. The basal cleavage surface is marked with fine lines there are two directions of cleavage. It has a hardness of 6 and a color of white, gray, or bluish/bluish sheen. It’s common in granitic rocks and acidic lavas. Associated with micas, other feldspars, quartz and tourmaline. 015 Proper Name and type: Graphic Granite, Igneous Formal Name: Sebago Pluton Pegmatite. Mt Apatite Age: Carboniferous, 365300 Mya Collection Location: Auburn, Maine 44°5’13”N, 70°24’39”W Description: Minerals found are microcline feldspar and smoky quartz. The crystal sizes are pegmatitic and has a porphyritic texture. The layers are prominent as you can see in the sample with it’s insides showing. How/where it formed: As a pegmatitic granite, it formed intrusively at a subduction zone and cooled slowly. It is a piece of the Sebago Pluton. 017 Proper Name and type: Marble Formal Name: Penobscot/Megunticook Formation Age: Cambrian Ordovician, 540400 Mya Collection Location: Simonton Quarry, Union, Maine 44°11’58”N, 69°6’29”W Description: Minerals found are Calcite [CaCO3]. It also has a considerable amount of quartz [SiO2]. The crystals are nearly equal in size and are tightly fused together. The marble is microcrystalline resembling a sugar cube and effervesces in dilute HCl. It’s also possible for Dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2] to be present. There is layering present and it is light colored. How/where it formed: Limestone is the parent rock of marble. It’s is made of mineral crystals possible with traces of biochemical sediment [fragments/ crushed shells of organisms]. The Limestone was not visibly fossiliferous and was mainly formed by microcrystalline masses.
