Download Standards Review - Tracy Unified School District

Standards Review
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. The Declaration of Independence drew on the ideas found in the Magna Carta and the
a. Mayflower Compact.
c. Great Awakening.
b. Proclamation Act.
d. English Bill of Rights.
2. Which of the following describes the extent of citizen participation in colonial government?
a. All men had the right to vote.
b. Women had the right to vote.
c. Only white men who owned property had the right to vote.
d. Fewer people participated in colonial government than anywhere else in the world.
3. The first constitution of the United States of America was the
a. Declaration of Independence.
c. Mayflower Compact.
b. Articles of Confederation.
d. Bill of Rights.
4. Who is called the Father of the Constitution?
a. George Washington
c. James Madison
b. Edmund Randolph
d. Thomas Jefferson
5. The Constitution created a federal system of government, in which
a. the national government has all the power.
b. power is divided between the national and state governments.
c. the states have more power than the national government.
d. the legislative branch is made up of one house.
6. Under the Constitution, concurrent powers are
a. shared by the state and federal governments.
b. retained by state governments.
c. reserved only by the federal government.
d. reserved only by the state governments.
7. What part of the Constitution protects people’s basic rights and freedoms?
a. the first 10 amendments
c. the last 10 amendments
b. Article I
d. Article II
Legislative Branch
Congress Makes the Law
Checks on the
Judicial Branch
Can impeach
judges
Can reject
appointment of
judges
Checks on the
Executive
Branch
Can override
presidential veto
Can impeach
president
Can reject
presidential
appointments
and refuse to
approve treaties
Checks and Balances
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court Interprets Law
Checks on the
Legislative
Branch
Can declare laws
unconstitutional
Checks on the
Executive
Branch
Can declare acts
of the president
unconstitutional
Executive Branch
President Carries Out Law
Checks on
the Judicial
Branch
Appoints
judges
Checks on the
Legislative
Branch
Can propose and
veto laws
____
8.
The judicial branch checks the power of the legislative branch by
a. appointing judges.
c. declaring laws unconstitutional.
b. overriding presidential vetoes.
d. impeaching judges.
____
9.
By declaring acts of the president unconstitutional, the Supreme Court
a. checks the Congress.
c. is checked by the executive branch.
b. checks the executive branch.
d. is checked by the legislative branch.
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____ 11.
____ 12.
____ 13.
____ 14.
____ 15.
How can Congress check the power of the Supreme Court?
a. It can impeach the president.
c. It can refuse to approve treaties.
b. It can declare laws unconstitutional.
d. It can impeach judges.
What law passed by Congress under the Articles of Confederation established a way for surveying western
lands?
a. the Northwest Ordinance
c. the Ordinance of 1785
b. the Great Compromise
d. the Three-Fifths Compromise
Shays’s Rebellion reflected the discontent of
a. merchants towards the Confederation government.
b. farmers towards the Confederation government.
c. the state legislatures towards the citizens.
d. government leaders toward Britain.
The right to publish facts, ideas, and opinions without government interference is protected by the
Constitution in
a. Article I.
c. Article II.
b. the First Amendment.
d. the Fourth Amendment.
A bill becomes a law after
a. both houses of Congress approve it.
c. the Senate refers it to a committee.
b. the president signs it.
d. the House refers it to a committee.
In the new state governments, the chief executive was
a. the governor.
c. a judge.
b. the president.
d. a king.
____ 16.
a.
b.
c.
d.
____ 17.
____ 18.
Why are some townships not perfectly square?
Natural boundaries influenced the borders of some townships.
The surveyors’ equipment often was faulty.
Speculators bribed surveyors to increase the boundaries of the townships.
Native Americans interfered with the measuring of some townships.
How many acres were in a Section?
a. 80 acres
b. 320 acres
c. 640 acres
d. 1,260 acres
How many acres were in a township?
a. 36,000 acres
c. 1,260 acres
b. 23,040 acres
d. 640 acres
____ 19. Who was the founder of the Federalist Party?
a. George Washington
c. John Adams
b. Alexander Hamilton
d. Thomas Jefferson
____ 20. In his inaugural address, President Jefferson called for
a. the return of a monarchy in the United States.
b. an end to the Federalist Party.
c. increasing the power of the federal government.
d. reducing the power of the federal government.
____ 21. Which Supreme Court ruling upheld the sanctity of contracts?
a. Marbury v. Madison
c. Gibbons v. Ogden
b. Fletcher v. Peck
d. McCulloch v. Maryland
____ 22. Which artist painted scenes of the daily life of Native Americans?
a. Thomas Doughty
c. George Caleb Bingham
b. George Catlin
d. William Cullen Bryant
____ 23. Because cotton became a major cash crop in the South,
a. the demand for enslaved people decreased.
b. the demand for enslaved people increased.
c. large cities increased in the South.
d. slavery increased in other regions.
____ 24.
How did the purchase of the Louisiana Territory affect the size of the United States in 1803?
a. It extended it to the present-day size.
c. It increased it slightly.
b. It did not affect the size at all.
d. It doubled the size.
____ 25.
On what river did Lewis and Clark start their exploration?
a. the Missouri River
c. the Red River
b. the Mississippi River
d. the Columbia River
____ 26.
Why did Lewis and Clark travel a route that was longer than the straight-line distance between St.
Louis and the Pacific coast?
a. They did not know where they were going.
b. They wanted to avoid the Spanish Territory.
c. They wanted to explore the Mississippi River.
d. They had to go around the mountainous terrain.
____ 27. The Treaty of 1846 divided Oregon
a. between Spain and the United States.
c. into Spanish and British portions.
b. into American and British portions.
d. among three countries.
____ 28. President James Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine to
a. work with European nations in developing Latin American countries.
b. make the United States as powerful as European nations.
c. establish ties with the Quadruple Alliance.
d. prevent European involvement in the Americas.
____ 29.
In 1824, the land that is present-day California was a region belonging to
a. Mexico.
c. the United States.
b. Britain.
d. Canada.
____ 30. In which region of the United States did the Industrial Revolution begin?
a. the Midwest
c. New England
b. the West
d. the South
____ 31. The invention of the cotton gin led to
a. an increase in the use of enslaved labor.
b. a decrease in the use of enslaved labor.
c. a decrease in cotton production in the South.
d. an increase in cotton production in New England.
____ 32. Using steamboats presented a problem in the early 1800s because it
a. made shipping goods more expensive.
b. took longer to ship goods from place to place.
c. could not tie the eastern and western parts of the country together.
d. led to the growth of river cities.
____ 33. Many Germans immigrated to the United States in the mid-1800s to
a. escape a failed political revolution in their country.
b. escape a food shortage in their country.
c. become cotton plantation owners in the South.
d. start factories in the Northeast.
____ 34. The work of Horace Mann led to
a. a change in the treatment of mentally ill persons.
b. the founding of the nation’s first school for training teachers.
c. the development of the temperance movement.
d. a call for voting rights for women.
____ 35.
What water route would settlers take to travel from Toledo, Ohio, to Cincinnati, Ohio?
a. Ohio and Erie Canal
c. the Hudson River
b. Miami and Erie Canal
d. the Illinois River
____ 36.
Most canals in the United States around 1840 were located in the
a. western part of the United States.
c. northeastern part of the United States.
b. southwestern part of the United States
d. southeastern part of the United States.
____ 37.
____ 38.
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____ 41.
____ 42.
The longest overland road westward between 1820 and 1850 was the
a. Wilderness Road.
c. Catskill Turnpike.
b. Genesee Road.
d. National Road.
The main crop of the Deep South was
a. cotton.
c. tobacco.
b. indigo.
d. wheat.
Most free African Americans in the South lived
a. in the Southern cities.
c. in the Southern rural communities.
b. on Southern plantations.
d. along the Southern coasts.
Which group made up the largest group of whites in the South before 1860?
a. tenant farmers
c. yeomen
b. rural poor
d. slaveholders
Southern states passed slave codes to
a. increase legal rights for enslaved people.
b. regulate plantation owners’ treatment of enslaved people.
c. prevent slave rebellions.
d. unite enslaved people with their family members.
One person who helped runaway slaves escape to free states in the North was
a. Frederick Douglass.
c. Nat Turner.
b. Harriet Tubman.
d. Denmark Vesey.
Bales of Cotton Produced, 1860
Mississippi
Alabama
Louisiana
Georgia
Texas
Arkansas
South Carolina
Tennessee
North Carolina
Florida
Virginia
1,202,507
989,955
777,738
701,840
431,463
367,393
353,412
296,464
1,455,514
65,153
12,727
____ 43.
How much cotton did Georgia produce in 1850?
a. 500 bales
c. 500,000 bales
b. 100 bales
d. 100,000 bales
____ 44.
Which state saw the greatest increase in cotton production between 1850 and 1860?
a. Texas
c. South Carolina
b. North Carolina
d. Mississippi
____ 45.
What was the most likely reason for the low cotton production in Virginia in 1850 and 1860?
a. The climate in Virginia was not good for growing cotton.
b. Virginia did not allow enslaved labor.
c. Cotton was not the most important crop in Virginia.
d. Agriculture was not important in Virginia.
____ 46. Which of the following describes Democratic-Republicans in the 1828 presidential election?
a. They favored states’ rights.
____ 47.
____ 48.
____ 49.
____ 50.
b. They were mostly merchants.
c. They supported John Quincy Adams.
d. They wanted a strong central government.
One reason President Jackson opposed the National Bank was that he
a. thought it was controlled by ordinary people.
b. believed the Bank had no control over the country’s money supply.
c. was a friend of Nicholas Biddle.
d. believed it was unconstitutional.
How did most people travel to Oregon in the early 1840s?
a. by train
c. by canoe
b. along the Oregon Trail
d. around South America
Which of the following was a provision of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
a. The Nueces River was the border between Texas and Mexico.
b. The United States gave up all claims to Texas.
c. Mexico gave up all claims to Texas.
d. California was returned to Spain.
What group of people settled Utah in the 1850s?
a. the forty-niners
c. Mexicans
b. the Mormons
d. fur traders
____ 51.
Who was the first to settle in Oregon country?
a. Hall J. Kelly
c. the Whitmans
b. Lansford Hastings
d. John Frémont
____ 52.
Whose publication would be most helpful for a family traveling west on the Oregon Trail?
a. Hall J. Kelly’s
c. John Frémont’s
b. the Whitmans’s
d. Lansford Hastings’s
____ 53.
How might the Oregon Land Donation Act have led to Oregon becoming the 33rd state?
a. It led to greater settlement and the number of people required for statehood.
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b. It led to greater exploration and knowledge of Oregon.
c. It led to Oregon becoming a United States territory.
d. It led to the formation of the first wagon train into the Oregon territory.
The goal of the American Colonization Society was to
a. move all African Americans to Northern cities.
b. resettle African Americans in Africa or the Caribbean.
c. increase the use of enslaved labor in the United States.
d. call for an immediate end to slavery in the United States.
The American Anti-Slavery Society was founded by
a. Angelina Grimké.
c. David Walker.
b. Sojourner Truth.
d. William Lloyd Garrison.
The Compromise of 1850 included a provision to
a. prohibit slavery in the New Mexico Territory.
b. continue the slave trade in the District of Columbia.
c. double the fines against those who rescued slaves.
d. admit California as a free state.
Part of the Dred Scott decision included the idea that
a. the Fifth Amendment did not apply to slaves.
b. enslaved people were like any other form of property.
c. people in a territory could prohibit slavery before statehood had been reached.
d. Congress had the power to prohibit slavery in any territory.
Which statement describes the life of free African Americans in Southern states between 1830 and 1860?
a. The rights of free African Americans were limited by the laws of Southern states.
b. Free African Americans had equal political rights with whites.
c. The rights of free African Americans were guaranteed.
d. Free African Americans were allowed to move from state to state as they wished.
Representation in the House of Representatives, 1800-1850
Year
1800
1810
1820
1830
1840
1850
Number of Members from
Free States
76
96
123
141
135
142
Number of Members from
Slave States
65
79
90
99
88
90
____ 59.
What was the difference in the number of representatives in the House between free states and slave
states in 1800?
a. Slave states had 11 more members.
b. Free states had 11 more members.
c. Free states had 52 more members.
d. Slave states had 52 more members.
____ 60.
Between what years did the free states experience the greatest increase in numbers of representatives?
a. 1840 and 1850
c. 1820 and 1830
b. 1830 and 1840
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____ 66.
d. 1810 and 1820
What was the trend in the number of representatives for slave states?
a. The number increased dramatically between 1800 and 1850.
b. The number steadily decreased between 1800 and 1850.
c. The number remained similar for most of the years between 1800 and 1850.
d. The number alternately increased and decreased sharply between 1800 and 1850.
To justify their plans to secede, Southerners used the idea of
a. nullification.
c. constitutionality.
b. states’ rights.
d. judicial review.
The president of the Confederacy who ordered the attack on Fort Sumter was
a. John C. Calhoun.
c. Robert E. Lee.
b. Ulysses S. Grant.
d. Jefferson Davis.
Which of the following describes the Union army?
a. Most soldiers were farmers.
b. African Americans were never allowed to enlist.
c. It was smaller than the Confederate Army.
d. Most soldiers were African Americans.
The first major battle of the Civil War was the
a. Battle of Shiloh.
c. First Battle of Bull Run.
b. Battle of Antietam.
d. Battle at Gettysburg.
What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
a. It freed all enslaved African Americans in the South.
b. It abolished slavery in the United States.
c. It freed all African Americans in the United States.
d. It allowed enslaved people to leave the South.
____ 67.
By percentage, how much bigger was the population of the North than that of the South?
a. by about 36 percent
c. by about 42 percent
b. by about 68 percent
d. by about 84 percent
____ 68.
In dollars, how much greater was the value of Northern manufactured goods?
a. by about $1.75 billion
c. by about $1.52 billion
b. by about $152 million
d. by about $1.9 billion
____ 69.
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____ 76.
Which factor shown in the graphs would have most helped the South deliver supplies to its troops?
a. an increase in the number of states
b. a lower value of exports
c. an increase in manufactured goods
d. an increase in the miles of railroad tracks
What led to the start of many boomtowns in the West?
a. the growth of farming
c. the growing fur trade
b. the discovery of gold or silver
d. the development of ranching
An increase in railroad construction after 1865 was partly due to
a. the open range.
c. new inventions.
b. decreasing farmland.
d. government subsidies.
Railroads stimulated the economy by
a. helping other industries to thrive.
c. limiting the growth of other industries.
b. moving people westward.
d. limiting other forms of transportation.
Which invention helped make businesses run more efficiently?
a. vacuum cleaner
c. adding machine
b. telegraph
d. camera
Most immigrants to the United States after 1865 came from
a. Ireland.
c. northern and western Europe.
b. eastern and southern Europe.
d. China.
Which state or territory had the largest area of Native American reservations in 1890?
a. Utah Territory
c. Nevada
b. Indian Territory
d. California
The Paiute reservation was located in
a. California.
b. Oregon.
____ 77.
c. Wyoming.
d. Nevada.
Which statement best describes why reservations were established?
a. to allow Native Americans to keep their traditional lifestyle
b. to have Native Americans assimilate to the American lifestyle
c. to provide land for white settlement
d. to benefit Native Americans
____ 78. +6Which Enlightenment thinker advocated the idea of separation of powers in government?
a. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
c. John Locke
b. Charles de Montesquieu
d. John Calvin