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Chapters 11-13 Study Guide 1.The ideas in the Declaration of Independence caused some people to question what southern institution? Slavery 2.What were The Liberator and The North Star and who published them? Abolitionist newspapers published by Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison 3.What was the name for the secret network of people who helped African Americans escape slavery? Underground Railroad 4.Why was there was opposition to ending slavery in the north? Many workers in the north feared losing their jobs to slaves once they were set free 5.The Declaration of Sentiments was modeled on the what? Declaration of Independence 6.The Seneca Falls Convention was held to discuss the rights of whom? Women 7.In 1800, other than the United States what other nations had claims to the West? Spain, Russia, Great Britain 8.Manifest Destiny refers to the idea that the United States should….? Expand across the continent of N. America 9.Why did mountain men explored much new territory in the West? The fur trade 10. Why did women in the West had higher status than women in other parts of the country? Because of the fact that their work was essential to the survival of their families 11. More than 80,000 people traveled to _____________ during the gold rush in 1849. California 12. Tales of a “mountain of gold” attracted thousands of ____________ to California. Chinese 13. The Mormons moved to ________________ in search of freedom of religion. Utah 14. What physical obstacle did many roads that moved from east to west encounter? Mountains or more specifically the Appalachian mountains 15. Denying some students access to public schools because of race is an example of what? Discrimination 16. Why was 1808 an important year in the fight against slavery? It became illegal to import enslaved Africans to the United States 17. What was the primary purpose of slave codes? Control every aspect of an enslaved person’s life 18. What man made route enabled western farmers to ship goods to New York City? Erie Canal 19. Who might have complained that competition with the railroads would cause them to lose money? Canal investors 20. Besides the cotton gin, which of the following items did Eli Whitney also invent? Interchangeable parts 21. How did cotton production change in the years between 1790 and 1820? Cotton production grew very quickly, so that it was ten times higher in 1820 22. After the passage of the Missouri Compromise, the number of free states and slave states was…? 12 free and 12 slave 23. The workers at Lowell, Massachusetts were mostly…? Women 24. What did Samuel Slater bring to the United States that marked the beginning of American industrialization? His ability to build a steam powered textile mill from memory 25. What was a major advantage of railroads compared to other kinds of transportation? Railroads could be built almost anywhere 26. List the cotton producing states in the 1800’s. Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, Georgia, South Carolina 27. By the 1850s, ___________________ linked many towns with cities and factories and opened new markets for the northern economy? (CHOO!!! CHOO!!!) Railroads 28. The Industrial Revolution began in what industry? Textiles 29. List the key parts of the Missouri Compromise. Maine free, Missouri slave, LA territory north of Missouri’s southern border was free of slavery, fugitive slave act 30. What did most southern whites do for a living? Farming 31. What did Robert Fulton invent? Steamboat 32. What were two results of the invention of the cotton gin? Cotton profits increased, increase in the need for slaves, cotton plantations extending as far west as Texas 33. What was one example of something that could be made using interchangeable parts? Toasters, guns, etc. most anything that required multiple parts 34. What were some of the reasons for an increase in European immigrants from 1840-1860? Famine, revolutions, cheap land in the U.S. 35. During the 1800s, the belief that people could improve themselves and society led to _________ movements. Reform 36. What was the attitude about abolition held by some northern workers? They were against it because they feared that former slaves would take their jobs. 37. Who did reform work based on the belief that public education is essential for democracy to work? Horace Mann 38. Why did American settlers in Texas come into conflict with Mexico in the 1830s? Settlers wanted more representation in the Mexican Legislature 39. The Mexican-American War, the annexation of Texas and Oregon, and westward movement were all a result of what? Manifest Destiny 40. What best explains why California developed a diverse population? Gold seekers came from all over the world and became permanent residents 41. The site where Texans were overrun by Mexican troops, inspiring many Americans to volunteer for the Texan army was what? The Alamo 42. The Spanish and the Native Americans borrowed language, foods, and customs from each other in what was called New ________. Spain 43. What present day states did the U.S. acquire as a result of the Mexican-American War? New Mexico, Texas, California, Nevada, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona, and Utah 44. When John L. O’Sullivan proposed the idea of Manifest Destiny, which other nation held the most territory in the present-day United States? Mexico 45. What effect did the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hildalgo have on the United States? Mexico ceded a large area of territory to the U.S. 46. waterway dug by people Canal 47. group that wanted laws to limit immigration Nativists 48. developed by Eli Whitney that led to mass production Interchangeable parts 49. opened a textile mill that combined spinning and weaving Lowell 50. general term for person who worked to end slavery Abolitionist 51. a writer who urged people to live simply Thoreau 52. an abolitionist who was an ex-slave-known for his public speaking ability Douglass 53. the right of women to vote Women’s Suffrage 54. A movement that explored the relationship between people and nature through emotions Transcendentalism 55. Mormon leader who led settlers to Utah Young 56. one-person rule pertaining to government Dictatorship 57. the name for a self-appointed law enforcer Vigilante