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Chapter 8
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1.
Mechanical digestion refers to:
A.breakdown of food particles by enzymes
B.cutting food into smaller pieces with a knife and fork
C.churning of food in the muscular stomach
D.hydrolysis of nutrients
2.
The function of the digestive system is:
A.to ingest food
B.to digest food
C.absorb nutrients
D.eliminate indigestibles
E.All of the choices are correct.
3.
The extension of the soft palate is called the:
A.epiglottis
B.adenoid
C.hard palate
D.uvula
4.
Erosion of teeth due to bacterial digestion of sugar resulting in acid production is called:
A.dental caries
B.molar infection
C.dentin
D.peristalsis
5.
Movement of food from the esophagus to the stomach requires:
A.relaxation of the diaphragm
B.contraction of the diaphragm
C.relaxation of a sphincter
D.contraction of a sphincter
1
6.
Which of the following is in correct order of food movement in the gastrointestinal tract?
A.esophagus, stomach, pharynx
B.pharynx, stomach, esophagus
C.pharynx, esophagus, stomach
D.stomach, pharynx, esophagus
7.
Protein digestion begins in the:
A.oral cavity
B.esophagus
C.stomach
8.
Which of the following functions in the storage and elimination of feces?
A.small intestines
B.large intestines
C.rectum
9.
Food is prevented from entering the trachea when you swallow by the:
A.pharynx
B.uvula
C.nasopharynx
D.epiglottis
10. Which of the following is a muscular tube that passes foodstuffs from the mouth to the stomach?
A.epiglottis
B.trachea
C.nasopharynx
D.esophagus
11. The primary function of the stomach is:
A.to break down fats
B.to store food, churn, begin digestion
C.to absorb major nutrients
D.package feces
2
12. The rhythmic contractions of the digestive tract that allow movement of foodstuffs are called:
A.peritoneum
B.periosteum
C.peristalsis
D.perineum
13. The "ball" of food that is moved through the esophagus is called:
A.sphincter
B.cannula
C.bolus
D.chyme
14. The innermost layer of the digestive tract that is a mucous secreting epithelium is:
A.mucosa
B.submucosa
C.muscularis
D.serosa
15. The layer of tissue in the digestive wall, which consists of a layer of longitudinal and circular smooth
muscles is:
A.mucosa
B.submucosa
C.muscularis
D.serosa
16. The central opening of a tube is called:
A.lacuna
B.laluna
C.lumen
D.lamella
3
17. Choose the CORRECT statement.
A.Pepsin is activated by HCl.
B.Helicobacter pylori causes gastric ulcers.
C.Alcohol is absorbed by the stomach.
D.Mucus is a protective secretion in the stomach.
E.All of the choices are correct.
18. The thick soupy acidic liquid that leaves the stomach is called:
A.mucus
B.chyme
C.mesenchyme
D.bolus
19. The digestive organ that functions to store food, kill bacteria, and partially digest proteins is:
A.mouth
B.esophagus
C.stomach
D.small intestines
E.large intestines
20. Food is primarily digested by the:
A.liver
B.pancreas
C.stomach
D.small intestine
E.large intestine
21. Starch digestion is confined to the:
A.mouth and large intestine
B.stomach and large intestine
C.mouth and stomach
D.mouth and small intestine
4
22. Name 2 accessory glands that secrete enzymes that digest starch:
A.salivary glands
B.liver
C.pancreas
D.salivary glands and liver
E.salivary glands and pancreas
23. The digestive enzyme responsible for fat digestion is:
A.amylase
B.amylose
C.lipase
D.peptidase
E.glycerase
24. The digestive organ that produces maltase and peptidase is:
A.liver
B.pancreas
C.stomach
D.small intestine
E.large intestine
25. The digestive organ that contains microvilli or a brush border on the luminal cells:
A.liver
B.pancreas
C.stomach
D.small intestine
E.large intestine
26. Which of these organs is NOT involved in digestion?
A.spleen
B.pancreas
C.gallbladder
D.liver
5
27. Which of the following is considered an accessory gland?
A.pharynx
B.esophagus
C.stomach
D.cecum
E.pancreas
28. The pancreas secretes enzymes that act upon:
A.carbohydrates
B.fat
C.protein
D.All of the choices are correct.
29. Which of the following human digestive enzymes is INCORRECTLY matched to its substrate?
A.pepsin-protein
B.trypsin-nucleic acid
C.salivary amylase-starch
D.lipase-fat
E.maltase-maltose
30. The small lymphatic capillaries that reside in the small intestines and absorb fats are:
A.villi
B.lacteals
C.gastric glands
D.duodena
31. Which of the following is the correct pairing of the structure with its secretion?
A.pancreas; bile
B.liver; bile
C.gallbladder; bile
6
32. Choose the following statement concerning hydrolytic enzymes that is NOT accurate.
A.Salivary amylase breaks down starch.
B.Pepsin breaks down proteins.
C.Peptidases break down peptides.
D.Maltase breaks down glucose.
33. Gastric glands in the stomach produce:
A.gastric juice
B.HCl
C.pepsin
D.All of the choices are correct.
34. Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement concerning digestion/absorption?
A.Foods are broken down and absorbed into the blood.
B.Digestive enzymes are secreted from several glands.
C.The gallbladder manufactures bile.
D.Bile secreted from the gallbladder emulsifies fats.
35. Three major classes of macronutrients required in the diet are:
A.carbohydrates, vitamins, fat
B.proteins, carbohydrates, minerals
C.fats, carbohydrates, proteins
D.vitamins, minerals, proteins
36. The quickest, most readily available source of energy for the body is:
A.protein
B.starch
C.glucose
D.fatty acids
37. The major group of organic molecules that contains cholesterol and fats are:
A.lipids
B.carbohydrates
C.proteins
D.nuclei acids
7
38. Fatty deposits that may block arteries are called:
A.liposcleroses
B.fatty acid blockage
C.plaques
D.cysts
39. Which of the following is called "bad" because it transports cholesterol?
A.LDL
B.HDL
40. A small projection that extends from the cecum is called:
A.the pancreas
B.the gallbladder
C.the epiglottis
D.the appendix
41. Organic compounds (not major nutrients) that are required for metabolic reactions and must be taken in
the diet are:
A.minerals
B.vitamins
C.buffers
D.enzymes
42. Vitamins often form:
A.coenzymes
B.structural proteins
C.antioxidants
D.coenzymes and antioxidants
43. Which of the following are macronutrients?
A.Ca, K, Na, Cl, Mg
B.Zn, Cu, Fe
8
44. Having a habit of eating to excess and then purging is called:
A.overweight
B.obesity
C.bulimia nervosa
D.anorexia nervosa
45. Which of the flowing vitamins is water soluble?
A.Vitamin A
B.Vitamin D
C.Vitamin E
D.Vitamin K
E.Vitamin C
46. The human body requires ____ different amino acids.
A.100
B.50
C.30
D.20
E.10
47. Free radicals can donate electrons to:
A.DNA
B.proteins found in the plasma membrane
C.lipids found in the plasma membrane
D.DNA and proteins found in the plasma membrane
E.DNA, proteins found in the plasma membrane, and lipids found in the plasma membrane
9
Chapter 8 Key
1.
Mechanical digestion refers to:
a.
b.
C
d.
breakdown of food particles by enzymes
cutting food into smaller pieces with a knife and fork
churning of food in the muscular stomach
hydrolysis of nutrients
Mader - 008 Chapter... #1
2.
The function of the digestive system is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
E
to ingest food
to digest food
absorb nutrients
eliminate indigestibles
All of the choices are correct.
Mader - 008 Chapter... #2
3.
The extension of the soft palate is called the:
a.
b.
c.
D
epiglottis
adenoid
hard palate
uvula
Mader - 008 Chapter... #3
4.
Erosion of teeth due to bacterial digestion of sugar resulting in acid production is called:
A
b.
c.
d.
dental caries
molar infection
dentin
peristalsis
Mader - 008 Chapter... #4
1
5.
Movement of food from the esophagus to the stomach requires:
a.
b.
C
d.
relaxation of the diaphragm
contraction of the diaphragm
relaxation of a sphincter
contraction of a sphincter
Mader - 008 Chapter... #5
6.
Which of the following is in correct order of food movement in the gastrointestinal tract?
a.
b.
C
d.
esophagus, stomach, pharynx
pharynx, stomach, esophagus
pharynx, esophagus, stomach
stomach, pharynx, esophagus
Mader - 008 Chapter... #6
7.
Protein digestion begins in the:
a. oral cavity
b. esophagus
C stomach
Mader - 008 Chapter... #8
8.
Which of the following functions in the storage and elimination of feces?
a. small intestines
b. large intestines
C rectum
Mader - 008 Chapter... #9
9.
Food is prevented from entering the trachea when you swallow by the:
a.
b.
c.
D
pharynx
uvula
nasopharynx
epiglottis
Mader - 008 Chapter... #10
2
10.
Which of the following is a muscular tube that passes foodstuffs from the mouth to the stomach?
a.
b.
c.
D
epiglottis
trachea
nasopharynx
esophagus
Mader - 008 Chapter... #11
11.
The primary function of the stomach is:
a.
B
c.
d.
to break down fats
to store food, churn, begin digestion
to absorb major nutrients
package feces
Mader - 008 Chapter... #12
12.
The rhythmic contractions of the digestive tract that allow movement of foodstuffs are called:
a.
b.
C
d.
peritoneum
periosteum
peristalsis
perineum
Mader - 008 Chapter... #13
13.
The "ball" of food that is moved through the esophagus is called:
a.
b.
C
d.
sphincter
cannula
bolus
chyme
Mader - 008 Chapter... #16
14.
The innermost layer of the digestive tract that is a mucous secreting epithelium is:
A
b.
c.
d.
mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa
Mader - 008 Chapter... #17
3
15.
The layer of tissue in the digestive wall, which consists of a layer of longitudinal and circular smooth
muscles is:
a.
b.
C
d.
mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa
Mader - 008 Chapter... #19
16.
The central opening of a tube is called:
a.
b.
C
d.
lacuna
laluna
lumen
lamella
Mader - 008 Chapter... #21
17.
Choose the CORRECT statement.
a.
b.
c.
d.
E
Pepsin is activated by HCl.
Helicobacter pylori causes gastric ulcers.
Alcohol is absorbed by the stomach.
Mucus is a protective secretion in the stomach.
All of the choices are correct.
Mader - 008 Chapter... #22
18.
The thick soupy acidic liquid that leaves the stomach is called:
a.
B
c.
d.
mucus
chyme
mesenchyme
bolus
Mader - 008 Chapter... #23
4
19.
The digestive organ that functions to store food, kill bacteria, and partially digest proteins is:
a.
b.
C
d.
e.
mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestines
large intestines
Mader - 008 Chapter... #24
20.
Food is primarily digested by the:
a.
b.
c.
D
e.
liver
pancreas
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
Mader - 008 Chapter... #27
21.
Starch digestion is confined to the:
a.
b.
c.
D
mouth and large intestine
stomach and large intestine
mouth and stomach
mouth and small intestine
Mader - 008 Chapter... #28
22.
Name 2 accessory glands that secrete enzymes that digest starch:
a.
b.
c.
d.
E
salivary glands
liver
pancreas
salivary glands and liver
salivary glands and pancreas
Mader - 008 Chapter... #29
5
23.
The digestive enzyme responsible for fat digestion is:
a.
b.
C
d.
e.
amylase
amylose
lipase
peptidase
glycerase
Mader - 008 Chapter... #30
24.
The digestive organ that produces maltase and peptidase is:
a.
b.
c.
D
e.
liver
pancreas
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
Mader - 008 Chapter... #31
25.
The digestive organ that contains microvilli or a brush border on the luminal cells:
a.
b.
c.
D
e.
liver
pancreas
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
Mader - 008 Chapter... #32
26.
Which of these organs is NOT involved in digestion?
A
b.
c.
d.
spleen
pancreas
gallbladder
liver
Mader - 008 Chapter... #33
6
27.
Which of the following is considered an accessory gland?
a.
b.
c.
d.
E
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
cecum
pancreas
Mader - 008 Chapter... #34
28.
The pancreas secretes enzymes that act upon:
a.
b.
c.
D
carbohydrates
fat
protein
All of the choices are correct.
Mader - 008 Chapter... #35
29.
Which of the following human digestive enzymes is INCORRECTLY matched to its substrate?
a.
B
c.
d.
e.
pepsin-protein
trypsin-nucleic acid
salivary amylase-starch
lipase-fat
maltase-maltose
Mader - 008 Chapter... #36
30.
The small lymphatic capillaries that reside in the small intestines and absorb fats are:
a.
B
c.
d.
villi
lacteals
gastric glands
duodena
Mader - 008 Chapter... #38
31.
Which of the following is the correct pairing of the structure with its secretion?
a. pancreas; bile
B liver; bile
c. gallbladder; bile
Mader - 008 Chapter... #46
7
32.
Choose the following statement concerning hydrolytic enzymes that is NOT accurate.
a.
b.
c.
D
Salivary amylase breaks down starch.
Pepsin breaks down proteins.
Peptidases break down peptides.
Maltase breaks down glucose.
Mader - 008 Chapter... #51
33.
Gastric glands in the stomach produce:
a.
b.
c.
D
gastric juice
HCl
pepsin
All of the choices are correct.
Mader - 008 Chapter... #52
34.
Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement concerning digestion/absorption?
a.
b.
C
d.
Foods are broken down and absorbed into the blood.
Digestive enzymes are secreted from several glands.
The gallbladder manufactures bile.
Bile secreted from the gallbladder emulsifies fats.
Mader - 008 Chapter... #54
35.
Three major classes of macronutrients required in the diet are:
a.
b.
C
d.
carbohydrates, vitamins, fat
proteins, carbohydrates, minerals
fats, carbohydrates, proteins
vitamins, minerals, proteins
Mader - 008 Chapter... #56
36.
The quickest, most readily available source of energy for the body is:
a.
b.
C
d.
protein
starch
glucose
fatty acids
Mader - 008 Chapter... #58
8
37.
The major group of organic molecules that contains cholesterol and fats are:
A
b.
c.
d.
lipids
carbohydrates
proteins
nuclei acids
Mader - 008 Chapter... #64
38.
Fatty deposits that may block arteries are called:
a.
b.
C
d.
liposcleroses
fatty acid blockage
plaques
cysts
Mader - 008 Chapter... #65
39.
Which of the following is called "bad" because it transports cholesterol?
A LDL
b. HDL
Mader - 008 Chapter... #68
40.
A small projection that extends from the cecum is called:
a.
b.
c.
D
the pancreas
the gallbladder
the epiglottis
the appendix
Mader - 008 Chapter... #69
41.
Organic compounds (not major nutrients) that are required for metabolic reactions and must be taken
in the diet are:
a.
B
c.
d.
minerals
vitamins
buffers
enzymes
Mader - 008 Chapter... #73
9
42.
Vitamins often form:
a.
b.
c.
D
coenzymes
structural proteins
antioxidants
coenzymes and antioxidants
Mader - 008 Chapter... #74
43.
Which of the following are macronutrients?
A Ca, K, Na, Cl, Mg
b. Zn, Cu, Fe
Mader - 008 Chapter... #80
44.
Having a habit of eating to excess and then purging is called:
a.
b.
C
d.
overweight
obesity
bulimia nervosa
anorexia nervosa
Mader - 008 Chapter... #86
45.
Which of the flowing vitamins is water soluble?
a.
b.
c.
d.
E
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Vitamin C
Mader - 008 Chapter... #89
46.
The human body requires ____ different amino acids.
a.
b.
c.
D
e.
100
50
30
20
10
Mader - 008 Chapter... #91
10
47.
Free radicals can donate electrons to:
a.
b.
c.
d.
E
DNA
proteins found in the plasma membrane
lipids found in the plasma membrane
DNA and proteins found in the plasma membrane
DNA, proteins found in the plasma membrane, and lipids found in the plasma membrane
Mader - 008 Chapter... #95
11
Chapter 8 Summary
Category
Mader - 008 Chapter...
1
# of
Questions
47