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Download French 3, Grammar Packet: Unit 1
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NOM:_________________________________ Class: _________________________________ French 3, Grammar Packet: Unit 1 Keep this in your notebook and use it to take notes on grammar. Pg 38: L’usage de l’article avec les parties du corps In English, we use _________________________ to talk about body parts. For example, we say “my arm,” “his head,” “your finger,” etc… In French you generally ___________________ use possessive adjectives to talk about body parts. You simply use ___________________________ : le, la, l’, les. So in essence, in French you say : “the arm,” “the head,” “the finger,” etc… EX: My hand is small. La main est petite. What is in your hand? Qu’est-ce que tu as dans la main? Put the hat on your head. Mets le chapeau sur la tête. Page 39: The definite article The definite article is used for: - Dates: __________________________________________________________________ - Days of the Week: ________________________________________________________ - Geographical names:_______________________________________________________ - Names of languages, colors and school subjects:_________________________________ - Certain Titles: ____________________________________________________________ - Nouns indicating weight, measure or quantity: __________________________________ Page 45: Moi-même By myself Today we are going to learn how to say by __________, ____________, _____________, ______________, _______________, __________________. First you start with the Stress/Avec/Chez pronouns: Then you add a __________ and the word: ___________________ . Moi-même by myself 1 PRACTICE: I drive the car by myself: je _______________(conduire) lavoiture ________________ You believe in it yourself: tu y crois ____________________________ We do not go there ourselves: nous n’y allons pas ____________________ Pg 44: Les verbes réfléchis Reflexive Verbs are a special group of verbs. Usually the verbs are an action that is done to _______________ and NOT someone _______________. These verbs require a ____________________________ to describe the action. These are like DOP except that they have to _____________ the person. You can think of it as a “Direct Object Pronoun” that is acting like a _______________ reflecting back at the person There are 3 groups / types of reflexive verbs: 1. __________________ actions (pg 42, 48), 2.____________________ expressions (pg 54) and 3. __________________ done with someone else (pg 54, 350). Some verbs are ________________ reflexive and some verbs can be turned into reflexive verbs. You can USUALLY know if a verb is reflexive when you look it up because it will have a ____ or ____ before the infinitive. EX: se laver, s’amuser, se promener, se sentir , s’embrasser Today we are going to focus on two kinds of reflexive verbs : “HABITUAL action” reflexives. Describe __________ that the subject is doing on or for ____________ or ___________. Describe one’s _______________________. “IDIOMATIC” reflexives. Describe how one is __________________ or ____________________. However, idiomatic means: _________________________ so it’s hard to literally translate. “Reciprocal” reflexives. Describe actions one does with __________________ 2 Using Reflexive Verbs : Reflexive Verbs are conjugated like all verbs except the ________________________ has to go in front of the conjugation to ______________ / ________________ the person. Below, is your list of reflexive pronouns. (__________) myself (__________) ourselves (__________) yourself (__________) ya’llselves / yourself (__________) him/herself (__________) themselves Practice Conjugating Reflexive Verbs in the PRESENT TENSE: se laver: _________________ Je ________________ Nous _________________ Tu _______________ Vous _________________ Il/Elle _____________ Ils/Elles _______________ EXAMPLE: I wake up at 6 am. Je me reveille à 6h du matin. We get up at 7 am. Nous nous lèvons à 7h du matin. PRACTICE: We wash up on Saturdays. Nous_________________________le samedi (se laver) I wake myself up at 8 am. je __________________________à 8h (se lever) He gets himself dressed for school. He___________________pour l’école (s’habiller) I am having fun. Je ___________________________________(s’amuser) They are shaving. Ils ___________________________________(se raser) ***Notice that the pronoun __________________ the person talking. This is how we know that the action is NOT being done to _____________________ else. Les verbes réfléchis in Present, Future and Imperative So far we’ve practiced with reflexive verbs in the ______________ tense. However, in different tenses, the placement changes. Where the _____________________ are placed depends on the ___________________ of the sentence. The ______________ varies with each tense. 3 Present: Before the conjugated verb. me te se nous vous se conjugated verb (no infinitive) Il ______ regarde. Future Proche/Verb + Infinitive : Before the infinitive conjugated verb Il va ______ laver. ________ ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ INFINITIVE Il veux ______ raser. Imperative: After the verb, attached with a dash conjugated verb (tu, nous, vous) Regarde-______ ________ ________ ________ Regardons-______ Regardez-______ EXAMPLES: I’m going to get up at 8 am. Je vais me lever à 8h. We’re going to get ready. Nous allons nous préparer. Let’s get up at 8. Levons-nous à 8h. Brush your teeth! Brosse-toi les dents. Don’t go to bed. Ne te couche pas. 4 PRACTICE: I am going to have fun in the park. Je vais ________________________ (au parc) You are going to go to bed. Nous allons ____________________________(e coucher) (Ya’ll) go have fun in the park. Voua allez _____________________ au parc (s’amuser) Let’s put on make-up. Mettons - ____________________du maquillage We are going to wash up. Nous allons _________________(se laver) Wake up at 8 am. Réveillons- ___________________ à 8h I am going to have fun. je vais _________________________ (s’amuser) They are going to shave. ________________________________(se raser) _ Pg 50: Le passé composé des verbes réfléchis To form the passé composé with reflexive verbs, you use the helping verb _________________ instead of _____________. Since you use ______________, the past participle agrees in ______________ and _________________. In the past, reflexive pronouns go in the same place as DOP, which is __________________, after the ____________________. However, we have to make sure that we change the reflexive pronoun to ____________ / ______________ the person. Passé Composé: Before the helping verb ETRE **Must use ETRE & make the past participle agree in gender and number** ________ ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ ETRE + Past Participle (entire past phrase) E S ES Elle ______est regardée Il ______’est regardé Elle ______’est rasée Il ______’est rasé 5 Conjugating Reflexive Verbs in the Passé Composé: se laver: _________________ Je ____________________________ Nous ___________________________ Tu ___________________________ Vous ___________________________ Il/Elle _________________________ Ils/Elles _________________________ EXAMPLE: I woke up at 6 am. Je me suis reveillée à 6h du matin. She got up at 7 am. Elle s’est levée à 7h du matin. He got up at 7 am. Il s’est levé à 7h du matin. PRACTICE: We had fun on Saturday. Nous ________________________________samedi (s’amuser) I sat down to eat at 8 pm. Je ___________________________pour manger à 8h (s’asseoir) He hurried to school. _Il ____________________________pour l’école (se dépecher) I had fun in the park. Je _______________________________su psrc (s’amuser) You went to bed late. Nous ______________________________tsard (se coucher) We washed up. Nous ____________________________________laver (se laver) I woke up at 8 am. Je _____________________________________à 8h (se lever) He got himself dressed for school. Il __________________________pour l’école (s’habiller) EXCEPTION!!: Reflexive verbs _______________ agree in gender and number in the passé composé if they are followed directly by a ________________. EX: Stephanie s’est lavée. Stephanie washed up. Stephanie s’est lave les mains. Stephanie washed her hands. Practice: Catherine et Stéphanie bought some clothes. Elles ___________________________________des vêtements (s’acheter) We brushed our teeth. Nous __________________________les dents (brosser) NOTE: This actually explains why we do not use possessive adjectives with body parts! 6 Negative form Present tense: + NE + REFLEXIVE PRONOUN AND VERB + PAS Examples: I do not brush my teeth- je NE me brosse PAS les dents He does not have fun il NE s’amuse PAS PRACTICE: We do not wash up on Saturdays. Nous_________________________le samedi (se laver) I do not wake myself up at 8 am. je ________________________________à 8h (se lever) He does not get himself dressed He___________________________________ (s’habiller) I am not having fun. Je ____________________________________________(s’amuser) They are not shaving. Ils _____________________________________________(se raser) Passé composé: + NE + REFLEXIVE PRONOUN AND HELPING VERB + PAS+ P.P P.P mean past participle Examples: I did not brush my teeth- je NE me suis PAS brossé les dents He did not have fun il NE s’est PAS amusé We did not have fun. Nous ___________________________________ (s’amuser) He did not hurry to school. _Il _____________________________pour l’école (se dépêcher) You did not go to bed late. Nous ______________________________tard (se coucher) We did not wash up. Nous ____________________________________ (se laver) I did not wake up at 8 am. Je _____________________________________à 8h (se lever) 7