Download WEF Economy Profile MOZAMBIQUE

2: Country/Economy Profiles
Mozambique
Key indicators, 2014
GDP (PPP) per capita (int’l $), 1990–2014
Population (millions) ........................................ 26.5
GDP (US$ billions) .......................................... 16.7
GDP per capita (US$) ...................................... 630
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total ............ 0.03
Mozambique
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
Sub-Saharan Africa
Global Competitiveness Index
Rank
(out of 140)
Score
(1–7)
Institutions
7
Innovation
GCI 2015–2016 .................................................... 133 ..... 3.2
GCI 2014–2015 (out of 144) ................................... 133 ......3.2
GCI 2013–2014 (out of 148) ................................... 137 ......3.3
GCI 2012–2013 (out of 144) ................................... 138 ......3.2
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Basic requirements (60.0%) .....................................135 ......3.2
Market size
1st pillar: Institutions ............................................... 126 ......3.2
2nd pillar: Infrastructure .......................................... 126 ......2.4
3rd pillar: Macroeconomic environment .................. 122 ......3.7
4th pillar: Health and primary education ................. 133 ......3.6
Health and
primary
education
1
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Efficiency enhancers (35.0%) ...................................132 ......3.2
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
5th pillar: Higher education and training ................. 136 ......2.4
6th pillar: Goods market efficiency .......................... 112 ......4.0
7th pillar: Labor market efficiency ............................. 98 ......4.0
8th pillar: Financial market development ................. 126 ......3.0
9th pillar: Technological readiness .......................... 124 ......2.7
10th pillar: Market size............................................ 101 ......3.0
Mozambique
Sub-Saharan Africa
Stage of development
Innovation and sophistication factors (5.0%) ...........108 ......3.3
11th pillar: Business sophistication ........................ 120 ......3.4
12th pillar: Innovation ............................................... 83 ......3.2
1
Transition
1–2
Factor
driven
2
Transition
2–3
3
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
The most problematic factors for doing business
Score*
Access to financing ...........................................................16.7
Inefficient government bureaucracy ...................................14.9
Corruption .........................................................................14.8
Inadequately educated workforce ........................................7.8
Tax rates..............................................................................6.9
Restrictive labor regulations .................................................6.7
Policy instability ...................................................................6.2
Inadequate supply of infrastructure ......................................5.1
Crime and theft ...................................................................4.2
Complexity of tax regulations...............................................3.6
Poor work ethic in labor force..............................................3.5
Government instability/coups ..............................................2.2
Foreign currency regulations ................................................2.1
Insufficient capacity to innovate ...........................................2.0
Inflation ................................................................................1.7
Poor public health ...............................................................1.6
0
*
5
10
15
20
25
From the list of factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The score
corresponds to the responses weighted according to their rankings.
268 | The Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016
© 2015 World Economic Forum
30
2: Country/Economy Profiles
Mozambique
The Global Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR
VALUE RANK/140
INDICATOR
1st pillar: Institutions
VALUE RANK/140
6th pillar: Goods market efficiency (cont’d.)
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
Property rights ....................................................... 3.5 ..........116
Intellectual property protection ............................... 3.0 ..........126
Diversion of public funds ........................................ 2.4 ..........123
Public trust in politicians ......................................... 2.6 ............91
Irregular payments and bribes ................................ 3.0 ..........114
Judicial independence............................................ 2.6 ..........122
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....... 2.6 ..........106
Wastefulness of government spending ................... 2.7 ............94
Burden of government regulation ........................... 3.4 ............75
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes .... 3.3 ............94
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regs. ... 2.9 ..........111
Transparency of government policymaking............. 3.5 ..........111
Business costs of terrorism .................................... 4.3 ..........117
Business costs of crime and violence..................... 3.4 ..........118
Organized crime ..................................................... 3.4 ..........125
Reliability of police services .................................... 2.9 ..........124
Ethical behavior of firms ......................................... 3.2 ..........126
Strength of auditing and reporting standards ......... 3.9 ..........111
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................. 4.3 ..........107
Protection of minority shareholders’ interests ......... 3.4 ..........119
Strength of investor protection, 0–10 (best)* .......... 5.2 ............85
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
Quality of overall infrastructure ............................... 2.7 ..........128
Quality of roads ...................................................... 2.3 ..........137
Quality of railroad infrastructure .............................. 2.3 ............82
Quality of port infrastructure ................................... 3.6 ............89
Quality of air transport infrastructure....................... 3.2 ..........116
Available airline seat km/week, millions* ............... 39.8 ..........104
Quality of electricity supply ..................................... 2.9 ..........117
Mobile telephone subscriptions/100 pop.* ........... 69.7 ..........128
Fixed-telephone lines/100 pop.* ............................. 0.3 ..........135
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
Government budget balance, % GDP*................. –8.4 ..........134
Gross national savings, % GDP* .......................... 12.4 ..........116
Inflation, annual % change* .................................... 2.3 ..............1
General government debt, % GDP* ..................... 55.4 ............90
Country credit rating, 0–100 (best)* ...................... 29.1 ..........107
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
Malaria cases/100,000 pop.* ........................ 27,774.0 ............69
Business impact of malaria .................................... 3.6 ............62
Tuberculosis cases/100,000 pop.* ..................... 552.0 ..........135
Business impact of tuberculosis ............................. 4.1 ..........122
HIV prevalence, % adult pop.* ............................. 10.8 ..........133
Business impact of HIV/AIDS ................................. 3.6 ..........132
Infant mortality, deaths/1,000 live births* .............. 61.5 ..........131
Life expectancy, years*......................................... 50.2 ..........136
Quality of primary education ................................... 2.1 ..........138
Primary education enrollment, net %* .................. 87.4 ..........111
5.01
5.02
5.03
5.04
5.05
5.06
5.07
5.08
Secondary education enrollment, gross %* .......... 26.0 ..........139
Tertiary education enrollment, gross %*.................. 5.2 ..........127
Quality of the education system ............................. 2.8 ..........119
Quality of math and science education .................. 2.5 ..........133
Quality of management schools ............................. 2.8 ..........136
Internet access in schools ...................................... 3.1 ..........122
Availability of specialized training services .............. 3.2 ..........129
Extent of staff training ............................................ 3.3 ..........125
2nd pillar: Infrastructure
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
No. procedures to start a business* .......................... 9 ..........104
No. days to start a business* ............................... 13.0 ............74
Agricultural policy costs.......................................... 3.3 ..........109
Prevalence of non-tariff barriers .............................. 4.2 ............89
Trade tariffs, % duty* .............................................. 7.4 ............87
Prevalence of foreign ownership............................. 4.6 ............63
Business impact of rules on FDI ............................. 4.6 ............60
Burden of customs procedures .............................. 3.5 ..........106
Imports as a percentage of GDP* ........................ 74.2 ............29
Degree of customer orientation .............................. 3.7 ..........126
Buyer sophistication ............................................... 2.8 ..........120
7.01
7.02
7.03
7.04
7.05
7.06
7.07
7.08
7.09
7.10
Cooperation in labor-employer relations ................. 3.7 ..........123
Flexibility of wage determination ............................. 3.9 ..........125
Hiring and firing practices ....................................... 3.5 ............93
Redundancy costs, weeks of salary* .................... 37.5 ..........131
Effect of taxation on incentives to work .................. 3.9 ............60
Pay and productivity............................................... 3.0 ..........129
Reliance on professional management ................... 3.4 ..........124
Country capacity to retain talent............................. 3.5 ............71
Country capacity to attract talent ........................... 3.7 ............51
Women in labor force, ratio to men* ..................... 1.04 ..............2
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
Availability of financial services ............................... 3.7 ..........119
Affordability of financial services ............................. 3.6 ..........117
Financing through local equity market .................... 2.7 ..........116
Ease of access to loans ......................................... 1.9 ..........126
Venture capital availability ....................................... 2.2 ..........116
Soundness of banks .............................................. 4.4 ............95
Regulation of securities exchanges ........................ 3.6 ..........111
Legal rights index, 0–12 (best)* ................................. 1 ..........129
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
Availability of latest technologies ............................ 3.9 ..........118
Firm-level technology absorption ............................ 4.2 ............99
FDI and technology transfer ................................... 4.2 ............82
Individuals using Internet, %* ................................. 5.9 ..........129
Fixed-broadband Internet subscriptions/100 pop.* .. 0.0 ..........134
Int’l Internet bandwidth, kb/s per user* .................. 7.8 ..........108
Mobile-broadband subscriptions/100 pop.* ........... 3.0 ..........130
10.01
10.02
10.03
10.04
Domestic market size index, 1–7 (best)*................. 2.8 ............97
Foreign market size index, 1–7 (best)* .................... 3.6 ..........109
GDP (PPP$ billions)* ............................................ 31.1 ..........108
Exports as a percentage of GDP* ........................ 35.2 ............79
11.01
11.02
11.03
11.04
11.05
11.06
11.07
11.08
11.09
Local supplier quantity ........................................... 3.9 ..........120
Local supplier quality.............................................. 3.3 ..........132
State of cluster development.................................. 3.5 ............92
Nature of competitive advantage ............................ 2.8 ..........117
Value chain breadth................................................ 3.3 ..........117
Control of international distribution ......................... 3.3 ..........105
Production process sophistication.......................... 3.0 ..........120
Extent of marketing ................................................ 4.0 ............95
Willingness to delegate authority ............................ 3.2 ..........119
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
Capacity for innovation........................................... 3.5 ..........110
Quality of scientific research institutions ................. 3.0 ..........109
Company spending on R&D................................... 3.0 ............89
University-industry collaboration in R&D ................. 3.3 ............89
Gov’t procurement of advanced tech products ...... 3.3 ............73
Availability of scientists and engineers .................... 3.1 ..........124
PCT patents, applications/million pop.* .................. n/a ...........n/a
7th pillar: Labor market efficiency
8th pillar: Financial market development
3rd pillar: Macroeconomic environment
4th pillar: Health and primary education
5th pillar: Higher education and training
6th pillar: Goods market efficiency
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
Intensity of local competition .................................. 4.6 ..........108
Extent of market dominance .................................. 3.3 ..........100
Effectiveness of anti-monopoly policy ..................... 3.1 ..........123
Effect of taxation on incentives to invest................. 3.5 ............82
Total tax rate, % profits* ....................................... 36.6 ............68
9th pillar: Technological readiness
10th pillar: Market size
11th pillar: Business sophistication
12th pillar: Innovation
Notes: Values are on a 1-to-7 scale unless otherwise annotated with an asterisk (*). For further details and explanation, please refer to the section “How to Read
the Country/Economy Profiles” on page 89.
© 2015 World Economic Forum
The Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 | 269