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Transcript
• Why is it important for people in a hospital to get the right blood type when they need if for a transfusion? Bell Ringer • 1901 Austrian Karl Landsteiner discovered human blood groups • blood transfusions became safer • Awarded Noble Prize in 1930. History • Determined by proteins called antigens on the surface of your blood. • With different antibodies • Ex: Type A blood has A antigens but B antibodies. • A antibodies would attack A blood. Blood Type Human Blood Types Phenotype (Blood Type) Genotype ABO Group Antigen on Red Blood Cell Safe Transfusions To From • O – universal donor • No antigens • AB – universal recipient • No antibodies • Important in blood transfusions and paternity suits • Single gene I - has 3 different alleles • Multiple Alleles • • • • Blood type A genotype IA IA IA i Blood type B genotype IB IB IB i Blood type ABgenotype IA IB (codominant) Blood type O genotype ii (recessive) ABO Blood Group • Determined by single gene with 2 alleles • Rh positive (Rh+/Rh+ or Rh+/ Rh-) • Rh negative (Rh-/Rh-) • Rh+ can never be given to Rh- people • Can cause a mother’s body to attack a fetus. Rh Group