* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download File
Separation of powers under the United States Constitution wikipedia , lookup
Separation of powers wikipedia , lookup
Theodemocracy wikipedia , lookup
Head of state wikipedia , lookup
Elections in Cuba wikipedia , lookup
Divine right of kings wikipedia , lookup
AmericaSpeaks wikipedia , lookup
Portuguese transition to democracy wikipedia , lookup
Community of Democracies wikipedia , lookup
What is the difference between a state and a nation? (You can use your phone to look it up if you aren’t sure) A political entity which is defined by population, territory, sovereignty, and government. A group of people bound together through language, history, customs, culture, and religion. SWBAT: Define the origins government. Describe the types and systems of government. 4 Theories God or gods created the state God or gods gave those of royal birth a ‘divine right’ to rule. One person or a small group of people claimed control over an area and forced all within it to submit to that person or group’s rule. The state developed naturally out of the early family. One person was the head of the family and then became head of the government. The state arose out of a voluntary act of free people. The state exists to serve the people, the people are the source of power, and they are free to give or withhold that power if they choose. Forms of Government When people decide to form the social contracts that we call governments, they make many different decisions about how their government will look. Rule by few or rule by all? Where do the rulers get their power? Any form of government in which political power is exercised by all citizens, either directly or through their elected representatives. There are two kinds of Democracies… Direct! Representative! All citizens participate in government. There are no representatives in government: The citizens vote on everything! All citizens can create public policy if they want to. Example: In ancient Athens, Greece, they held assemblies where citizens voted to pass laws. Like direct democracy, all citizens participate in government People elect representatives who vote on laws for the citizens Representatives answer to the people through regular elections Representatives are also usually held accountable by a constitution Now that we’ve talked about DIRECT DEMOCRACY! And REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY! we can move on to forms of government where only one person is in control… A form of government in which political power is controlled by one individual such as a monarch, dictator, emperor, etc. We’re going to talk about two kinds of autocracy… Monarchs! Dictators! Rule by kings, queens, princes, and princesses… sometimes by other names, but always MONARCHS! Leaders usually gain their power because their parents were rulers too. Some modern monarchies like Spain and Japan have constitutions. In a dictatorship, power is not inherited, but is acquired by force (military or political) Dictators have absolute control over the lives of their citizens and usually people are not allowed to voice their negative opinions North Korea’s leader Kim Jong Il is considered a dictator … but what other forms of government are there? What if, instead of everyone or just one person, a few people got together to rule a nation? Rule by Few! “Rule by few” Power can be based on several things: Military strength = Military Junta Family power = Aristocracy Religious control = Theocratic Oligarchy Oligarchies can often come from or lead to other forms of government (like autocracies) “Theo” means “god” in Greek… so if a government is THEO-cratic that means it is ruled by… That’s right! A god or higher power! Leaders (autocratic or oligarchic) are usually religious leaders and society uses religious law to settle its disputes Example: The Islamic Republic of Iran is a modern theocracy that uses the holy Islamic book, The Qur’an, as its guide. Wow! There are so many forms of government! And remember there are also combinations… What is government ruled by GOD and a FEW people called? Autocrac y Democracy Controlled by citizens Rule by god or higher power Power usually inherited Holds elections Constitution al Government People have a say Rule by none representative s Rule by few or one Rule by There are more differences among governments! •Unitary •Federal •Confederation One central gov’t controls weaker states. Power is not shared between states, counties, or provinces. China, United Kingdom (although Scotland has been granted self-rule). Central Government State State State State A weak or loose organization of states agrees to follow a weak central gov’t. States can choose to follow or not follow the lead of the weak central gov’t. The Commonwealth of Independent States, formerly known as the USSR. Also, the Confederate States of America (1861-1865) Central Government State State State State Power is shared by a powerful central gov’t & states or provinces that are given considerable self-rule, usually thru their own legislatures. The United States, Australia, the Federal Republic of Germany. Federal Central Government State State State State Unitary Confederate Federal At least one example for each type of government 1. This is NOT an example of unlimited government. a. b. c. d. autocracy totalitarian dictatorship oligarchy democracy 2. Any system of government in which rule is by the people is called a. b. c. d. an autocracy. a monarchy. a democracy. an oligarchy. 3. The form of democracy we have in this country is called a. b. c. d. direct democracy. constitutional democracy. socialistic democracy. representative democracy. Any system of government in which a small group holds power is called 4. a. b. c. d. a democracy. a monarchy. an oligarchy. an autocracy. 5. Are the rights and will of minorities better protected in a representative democracy, an autocracy, or an oligarchy? Explain.