Download Respiration in the presence of oxygen.

________1________
Process:______2_________
____3_________
___10_____+___11______
___4_____+___5______
____7_________
Process:______6_________
_8__
Other form of energy: 9
Light energy
Process:Photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Carbon dioxide+water
Glucose +oxygen
Mitochondria
Process:Respiration
_ATP_
+ Heat energy
1
2
7
4
5
Which of 1 & 2
correspond
to CO2 and O2?
Which of 1 & 2
correspond
to CO2 and O2?
C
CO
2
O2
F
E
A
B
C
D
1/ During which time period will the plant uses up its starch reserve?
2/ For the time points/periods A-B-C-D, suggest to what time of the day it corresponds and
justify your answer.
3/ The compensation point is the light intensity for which the rate of photosynthesis exactly
matches the rate of respiration. Where about in this graph do you think are the
compensation points.
1/ During which time period will the plant uses up its starch reserve?
When the rate of respiration is greater than that of photosynthesis, i.e. the plants needs
more glucose than it produces. B &D
2/ For each time points/periods A-B-C-D, suggest to what time of the day it corresponds and
justify your answer.
A- Night/Early morning, before light is available. There is no photosynthesis.
B- Morning – Sun rise, light increases in intensity gradually.
C- Day time, when light is abundant.
D- Evening, light is decreasing, and with it the rate of photosynthesis.
3/ The compensation point is the light intensity for which the rate of photosynthesis exactly
matches the rate of respiration. Where about in this graph do you think are the
compensation points.
At the two intersections between the green curve and the red line.E and F
Photosynthesis is a ___1__-stage process.
Light reactions: the light energy from the sun is trapped by _____2______ in the
______3_______and is converted into chemical energy in the form of__4___. ____5___is split
to produce ____6______and____7_____. Hydrogen attaches to _____8______ _____9_____
molecules. Excess oxygen ______10______ from the cell.
Carbon fixation: a series of enzyme-controlled reactions, which use _____11_______and
___12___ (produced by the light reactions) with ____13______ ____13________to
produce____14______.
1- Two
2- chlorophyll
3- chloroplasts
4- ATP
5- Water
6- oxygen
7- hydrogen
8- hydrogen
9- acceptor
10- diffuses
11- hydrogen
12- ATP
13- carbon dioxide
14- glucose
1/ What is the name given to this apparatus?
2/ Why is the volume of water greater in tube A than in
tube B?
3/ What else could have been used instead of additional
water in tube A?
4/ What is the purpose of the potassium hydroxide
solution?
5/ Why do you think a filter paper forming a wick was
added?
6/ What is the purpose of the syringe?
7/ Describe what you expect to observe after some time?
8/ Explain your answer to 7.
9/ Why do we use germinating seeds rather than a small
plant?
1/ What is the name given to this apparatus?
A respirometer
2/ Why is the volume of water greater in tube A than in tube B?
Tube A is a form of control. The extra water is there so that both tubes
have a similar volume of gas. The extra water has the same volume as
germinating seeds.
3/ What else could have been used instead of additional water in tube A?
Glass beads of the same volume or boiled seeds.
4/ What is the purpose of the potassium hydroxide solution?
It reacts with CO2 therefore removing CO2 from the inside of the tubes.
This way, only the production or the absorption of O2 will affect the
movement of the liquid in the tube.
5/ Why do you think a filter paper forming a wick was added?
The solution will move by capillarity and this will increase the surface area
for the reaction between the potassium hydroxyde solution and the gases.
6/ What is the purpose of the syringe?
By using this syringe, you can make the coloured liquid move to set it up at
the start of the experiment.
7/ Describe what you expect to observe after some time?
The level of the coloured liquid would have risen on the side of the B tube.
8/ Explain your answer to 7.
Germinating seed need oxygen to respire to provide the energy for growth.
9/ Why do we use germinating seeds rather than a small plant green?
In a green plant, both photosynthesis and respiration will take place when
light is present. Photosynthesis releases oxygen, respiration takes up
oxygen. Photosynthesis would therefore interfere with the study of oxygen
uptake.
10/ What variable is not controlled here which could interfere with the
experiment and how could it be controlled
Respiration releases heat. Heat make gases take up a larger volume. To
prevent this, the set up should be kept in a water bath.
Respiration occurs in all ____1____ cells.
Respiration in the presence of oxygen.
Respiration in the presence of oxygen is called _____2______ respiration.
______3_______ respiration is in _4_ stages. It starts in the ______5______ and is completed
in the _______6_______.
In the cytoplasm, _____7______ is broken down to produce ______8______. This releases _9_
ATPs. In the mitochondrion, ______10_______ is broken down by many enzymatic reactions
to produce __11____ _______ and ___12___. During the second stage, a total of __13____ is
released.
Therefore, overall, _14__ ATPs are produced from 1 molecule of ___15____ during aerobic
respiration.
Respiration in the absence of oxygen.
Respiration in the absence of oxygen is called ____16_______.
_____17________ is in _18_ stage only. It starts and finishes in the _____19_______.
In animals, in the cytoplasm, ____20_______ is broken down to produce ______21______.
This releases _22_ ATPs.
As there is no second stage in fermentation, overall, only _23__ ATPs are produced from 1
molecule of ___24___ during ______25________.
Respiration occurs in all living cells.
Respiration in the presence of oxygen.
Respiration in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration is in 2 stages. It starts in the cytoplasm and is completed in the
mitochondrion.
In the cytoplasm, glucose is broken down to produce pyruvate. This releases 2 ATPs. In the
mitochondrion, pyruvate is broken down by many enzymatic reactions to produce carbon
dioxide and water. During the second stage, a total of is released.
Therefore, overall, 36 ATPs are produced from 1 molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration.
Respiration in the absence of oxygen.
Respiration in the absence of oxygen is called fermentation.
Fermentation is in 1 stage only. It starts and finishes in the cytoplasm.
In animals, in the cytoplasm, glucose is broken down to produce pyruvate. This releases 2 ATPs.
As there is no second stage in fermentation, overall, only 2 ATPs are produced from 1 molecule
of glucose during fermentation.
1/ Which plant will have produced starch
after a few days? Explain.
2/ Name the independent and dependent
variables in this experiment
3/ Write down what you think is the aim of
this experiment.
1/ Which plant will have produced starch
after a few days? Explain.
2/ Name the independent and dependent
variables in this experiment
3/ Write down what you think is the aim of
this experiment.
1/ Which plant will have produced starch after a few
days? Explain.
Plant under bell jar B. Starch is synthesized using the
glucose produced by photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide is a
substrate of photosynthesis and it is only available to the
plant under jar B.
2/ Name the independent and dependent variables in this
experiment
Independent=Input variable= presence or absence of
carbon dioxide
Dependent= Presence or absence of starch (which shows
whether photosynthesis takes place or not)
3/ Write down what you think is the aim of this
experiment.
The following aims are ok:
To find out if the availability of carbon dioxide has an
effect of photosynthesis.
Or
To find out if the availability of carbon dioxide has an
effect on starch accumulation.
Or
To find out if carbon dioxide is needed for
photosynthesis.
These jars were kept in the dark.
1/ What 3 variables seem to have been
altered?
2/ Assuming this is a valid experiment, what
do you think this experiment is showing?
These jars were kept in the dark.
1/ What 3 variables seem to have been
altered?
2/ Assuming this is a valid experiment, what
do you think this experiment is showing?
1/ The 3 variables that seem to have been changes
are water content, possibly type of solution. State
of growth.
2/ If it is a valid experiment, then only one variable
should have been altered.
This has to be water content because there is
clearly a dry piece of paper in jar A and a soaking
one in jar B.
If the experiment is about the effect of water on
germination, then the same liquid needs to be in
both beakers.
I think that this liquid is a pH indicator that turns
colourless as carbon dioxide produced by respiring
peas dissolve in the indicator solution and lower its
pH.