Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
MCQs on Pharmacology: Psychiatric Medications 1. A nurse provides instructions to a patient taking fluoxetine (Prozac) a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) antidepressant. The nurse tells the patient to take the medication: A. Early in the morning. B. During lunch time. C. At snack time. D. At bedtime. The answer is : A. Early in the morning. Fluoxetine is used to treat major depressive disorder, bulimia nervosa obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). It is taken early in the morning to prevent interference with sleep. 2. The risk of experiencing serotonin syndrome when SSRI’s are given with monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as phenelzine (Nardil). Serotonin syndrome is best characterized in which of the following? A. Hypotension and urinary retention. B. Muscle rigidity and high fever. C. A productive cough and vomiting. D. Tea-colored urine and constipation. The answer is : B. Muscle rigidity and high fever. Serotonin syndrome symptoms include high body temperature, agitation, muscle rigidity, tremor, sweating, dilated pupils, and diarrhea. 3. A patient with depression who has been taking amitriptyline for three months returns to the clinic for a follow-up. The nurse observes the patient in which of the following symptoms? A. Suicidal thoughts. B. Lack of energy. C. Loss of interest in personal appearance. D. Neglect of responsibilities. The answer is :A. Suicidal thoughts. patients may have thoughts about suicide when taking an antidepressant such as amitriptyline, especially patients younger than 24 years old. Options B, C, and D are signs of depressions but are most likely improved as the treatment goes on. 4. A patient is prescribed with sertraline (Zoloft). To guarantee a safe administration of the medication, a nurse would administer the dose: A. As needed only for depressions. B. Early in the morning. C. Take on an empty stomach. D. At bedtime. The answer is : D. At bedtime. Sertraline (Zoloft) is an antidepressant. It may be administered in the morning or evening, but giving it in the evening is more favored since drowsiness is one of the side effects. 5. A patient arrives in the emergency room with a tricyclic antidepressant overdose. Which of the following measures should the nurse do, except? A. Maintain a patent airway. B. Administration of sodium bicarbonate. C. Gastric lavage with activated charcoal. D. Obtain an electrocardiogram. E. Administration of an antipyretic. The answer is : E. Administration of an antipyretic. One of the signs and symptoms of a tricyclic antidepressant overdose is hypothermia, so an administration of an antipyretic will not help in the treatment. Option A: Maintain a patent airway by providing measures such as oxygen. Option B: Sodium bicarbonate resolves metabolic acidosis and cardiovascular complications. Option C: Gastric lavage with activated charcoal is done for GI decontamination. Option D: An ECG is done to check for dysrhythmias. 6. A newly admit patient has started taking bupropion (Wellbutrin). The nurse monitors in which of the following side effects that would indicate an overdosage of the medication? A. Headache. B. Dizziness. C. Constipation. D. Seizure. The answer is : D. Seizure. Wellbutrin (bupropion) is an antidepressant medication used to treat major depressive disorder and seasonal affective disorder. Overdose symptoms may include seizure, muscle stiffness, hallucinations, fast or uneven heartbeat, shallow breathing, or fainting. Options A, B, and C are the common side effects of the medication. 7. A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient who is prescribed with isocarboxazid (Marplan). The nurse will tell the patient to anticipate which of the following side effects of this medication? A. Weight loss. B. Dry skin. C. Dizziness. D. Fever. The answer is : C. Dizziness. Isocarboxazid is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness, weakness, problems sleeping, constipation, and dry mouth may occur while taking it. Options A, B, and D are not side effects related to the medication. 8. A patient with depression is taking phenelzine (Nardil). The nurse advises the patient to avoid consuming which foods while taking the medication A. Crackers. B. Vegetable salad. C. Oatmeal. D. Yogurt. The answer is : D. Yogurt. Phenelzine (Nardil) is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. The patient should avoid eating tyramine-rich foods such as chocolate, alcoholic beverages, aged cheese, yogurt, processed meats, and fruits such as raisins, avocados, bananas, or figs. 9. Patients taking MAOIs have the tendency to experience hypertensive crisis especially during an interaction with other drugs such as epinephrine. Which of the following is a sign of hypertensive crisis? A. Orthostatic hypotension. B. Diplopia. C. Delay in ejaculation. D. Hair loss. The answer is : B. Diplopia. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Toxicity symptoms include hypertension, tachycardia, diplopia, nausea, dilated pupils, palpitations, constricting chest pain and altered mental status. Options A and C are a common side effect of monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Option D is not a related symptoms of hypertensive crisis. 10. During a hypertensive crisis, the nurse make sure which of this medicine is readily available? A. Lithium citrate. B. Diazepam. C. Phentolamine. D. Phenobarbital sodium. The answer is : C. Phentolamine. In a hypertensive emergency, the first goal is to bring down the blood pressure as quickly as possible with intravenous (IV) blood pressure medications to prevent further organ damage. Phentolamine Mesylate (phentolamine mesylate) is used as an antidote for a hypertensive crisis. Option A: Lithium citrate is a mood stabilizer. Option C: Diazepam is a benzodiazpepines. Option D: Phenobarbital sodium is a barbiturate and sedative hypnotics. 11. A patient taking lithium carbonate (Lithobid) started complaining of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, muscle weakness, tremor, blurred vision and ringing in the ears. The lithium level is 2 mEq/L. The nurse interprets this value as: A. Normal level. B. Toxic level. C. Below normal level. D. Above normal level. The answer is : B. Toxic level. The therapeutic drug serum level of lithium is 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L. 12. A nurse is giving instructions to a patient receiving lithium citrate. The nurse tells the patient to do which of the following to prevent lithium toxicity: A. Avoid becoming dehydrated during exercise. B. Instruct the patient to change positions slowly. C. Restrict salt intake in the diet. D. Limit fluid intake. The answer is : A. Avoid becoming dehydrated during exercise. Lithium toxicity usually occurs during chronic treatment because of reduced drug excretion (dehydration, worsening renal function, concurrent infections, and drug interactions). Option B is not a related intervention to prevent lithium toxicity. Options C and D: The patient should maintain a fluid intake of 6-8 glasses of water a day and an adequate salt intake to prevent lithium toxicity. 13. Which of the following symptoms is classified as a mild lithium toxicity: A. Confusion and ataxia. B. Muscle fasciculations and oliguria. C. Tinnitus and blurred vision. D. Apathy and Lethargy. The answer is : D. Apathy and Lethargy. Mild toxicity has a lithium serum level of 1.5 mEq/L. Symptoms include apathy, lethargy, coarse hand tremors and slight muscle weakness. Options A and C are classified under moderate lithium toxicity. Option B is classified under severe lithium toxicity. 14. A nurse is giving instructions to a patient taking risperidone (Risperdal). The nurse advise the patient to which of the following? A. Take it on an empty stomach. B. Change position slowly. C. Get a daily source of sunlight. D. Discontinue medication once the symptoms went away. The answer is : B. Change position slowly. Risperidone (Risperdal) can cause orthostatic hypotension so instruct the patient to change positions slowly to avoid it. Option A: The medication is taken with food or milk to decrease gastric upset. Option C: Sunlight should be avoided while taking the medication. Option D: The medication is to be reduced gradually to avoid sudden recurrence of psychotic symptoms. 15. A nurse notes that a patient with schizophrenia and receiving an antipsychotic medication is having uncontrolled movement of the lips and tongue. The nurse determines that the patient is experiencing? A. Hypertensive crisis. B. Parkinsonism. C. Tardive dyskinesia. D. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The answer is : C. Tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia is characterized by uncontrollable involuntary movements of the body and extremities (especially of the face, lips, mouth, tongue, arms or legs). Option A: Hypertensive crisis occurs from the use of MAOIs. Option B: Parkinsonism is characterize by tremor, slow movement, impaired speech or muscle stiffness. Option D: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening condition caused by an adverse reaction to antipsychotic drugs. Symptoms include high fever, sweating, unstable blood pressure, stupor, muscular rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction. 16. A patient with schizophrenia has been started on medication therapy with clozapine (Clozaril). A nurse assesses the results of which laboratory study to monitor for adverse effect related to this medication? A. White blood cell. B. Platelet count. C. Liver function studies. D. Random blood sugar. The answer is : A. White blood cell. Agranulocytosis my experience by the patient taking clozapine which can be monitored by evaluating the white blood cell count. Options B, C, and D are not related specifically to the use of the medication. 17. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed to an 8-year-old child for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse will most likely monitor which of the following during the medication therapy? A. Deep tendon reflex. B. Intake and output. C. Temperature and breath sound. D. Height and weight. The answer is :D. Height and weight. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) may cause slow growth. The nurse will need to keep track of the patient’s height and weight to make sure that there is a normal growth and development. 18. Which of the following medications that treat Alzheimer’s disease causes slowing of the heart rate and fainting episodes? A. Tacrine (Cognex). B. Galantamine (Razadyne). C. Donepezil (Aricept). D. All of the above. The answer is : D. All of the above. Tacrine (Cognex), Galantamine (Razadyne), and Donepezil (Aricept) are antiAlzheimer drugs known to provoke slower heart rates and fainting episodes. 19. A patient who has been taking buspirone (BuSpar) for two months returns to the clinic for a follow-up. The nurse determines that the medication is effective if there is an absent display of? A. Feelings of panic, fear, and uneasiness. B. Thought broadcasting or delusions. C. Paranoid and suicidal thought process. D. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms. The answer is : A. Feelings of panic, fear, and uneasiness Buspirone (BuSpar) is used to treat symptoms of anxiety, such as fear, tension, irritability, dizziness, pounding heartbeat, and other physical symptoms. 20. A patient is giving discharge instructions to a patient who will be taking phenobarbital (Luminal). The nurse would educate the patient in which of the following that directly correlates with the safety of the patient? A. Take the medication at the same time each day. B. Take the medication with meals only. C. Avoid using sleep aids while taking the medication. D. Decrease the dosage once with symptoms of dizziness and lightheadedness. The answer is : C. Avoid using sleep aids while taking the medication. Phenobarbital (Luminal) is an anticonvulsant and hypnotic drug. The patient should avoid drinking alcohol or use medicines that may cause drowsiness (eg, sleep aids, muscle relaxers). Option A: Taking the medication at the same time daily improves compliance and maintains more stable blood levels of the medication. Option B: The medication is taken without regard to meals. Option D: Decreasing the dosage is not done without the approval of the physician. 1. A The answer is : 1. A The answer is : 1. A The answer is : 1. A The answer is : 1. A The answer is : 1. A The answer is :