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Chapter 1: Cells – the Basic
Building Blocks of Life
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Lesson 4: Describing Cells
 Classify specialised cells as animal cells or plant cells.
 Describe different specialised animal cells and plant cells.
 Explain the structure and function of specialised cells using
models.
 Before a cell becomes specialised it starts out as a stem cell.
Lesson 4: The right cells for the job
 Cells become specialised because they become responsible for a
particular job in the human body
 This job includes movement, finding out information about the
environment, sending messages to different organs in the body, carry
or making chemicals for the body, reproducing or absorbing food.
 Where would you find
cells that detect:
a) light?
b) sound?
c) heat?
Lesson 4: Specialised Animal Cells
 Nerve cells : carry messages from one part of the body to another.
 Muscle cells: are made from protein fibres that can rapidly expand and contract
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to create movement.
Sperm cells: main job is to carry genetic material to an egg cell, so that it can be
fertilised.
Egg cells: accept genetic material during fertilisation.
Red-blood cells: carries and delivers oxygen around the body.
Skin cells: protect the body from outside invaders.
Lesson 4: Specialised Plant Cells
 Specialised plant cells help in the making their own food through a
process called photosynthesis
 Root hair cell: collect water and mineral nutrients present in the soil
and take this solution up through the roots to the rest of the plant.
 Leaf cell: have many chloroplasts that help to capture sunlight.
 Pollen cell: are the same as sperm cells but in plants. Some are carried
by wind, or by insects. These cells help in the reproduction of plants.
Lesson 4: Questions and Answers
1. Name this “red candy” cell.
Ans: Red Blood Cells
2. Which cell transmits electrical messages?
Ans: Nerve Cell
3. Which cell contracts and expands to create movement?
Ans: Muscle Cell
4. Plants make their own food by a process called?
Ans: Photosynthesis
5. Which plant cells are involved in reproduction?
Ans: Pollen cells