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On January 8, 1918, President Wilson outlined his vision for the postwar world in a plan known as the Fourteen Points. The Fourteen Points were a list of specific proposals for postwar peace. Key goals of the Fourteen Points: * End secret alliances * Encourage free shipping * Remove barriers to trade * Reduce armies and navies * Resolve colonial claims * Support the right of people to choose their own government * Settle border disputes * Establish the League of Nations A. Conditions of the Treaty 1. Germany had to pay $33 billion in reparations in order to pay for the destruction that it caused during the war. 2. Germany had to admit its guilt for causing the war. 3. Large empires like Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire were divided up. 4. The League of Nations was created. http://www.cyberlearning-world.com/lessons/ushistory/ww1/preww1.htm The treaty established nine new nations Poland Finland Austria Hungary Czechoslovakia Yugoslavia Estonia Latvia Lithuania B. Aftermath of the Treaty 1. Due to stress, Woodrow Wilson suffers a stroke in September 1919. (In 21 days, he traveled almost 10,000 miles and gave over 30 speeches.) 2. The Senate refuses to approve the League of Nations treaty. 3. League of Nations is formed without the US. Why might the United States be hesitant to sign the treaty? C. Results of the Treaty 1. It failed to make Europe safer without the US in the League of Nations. 2. Germans grew resentful because of admitting guilt and paying reparations. 3. Germany goes through a Depression. In January 1921, German currency was worth 64 marks to the dollar. By November 1923, one dollar was worth 4,200,000,000,000 marks. Price of a Loaf of Bread 1918 – just over half a mark 1922 – 163 marks/loaf 1923 (Nov) – 201,000 million marks/loaf Treaty of Versailles (limitations) Type Amount Allowed Planes 0 Warships 6 Soldiers 100,000 Conscription* Banned *(involuntary labor demanded by an established authority)