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Fourteen Principles For a Multicultural State Thomas Fleiner Belgrade April 6 The major Issue: To hold or to bring multicultural societies together we have to ask: How should they be governed? Who should govern whom? And even more explosive: Who should decide, who should govern? Why is multiculturalism a problem? Do federalism and decentralization help to bring or to hold multicultural societies together? Nation-State facing State of Modernity: Multiculturalism all individuals are equal as being for all? Egocentric Hobbes What Exploiters Bearers of Rational What is the main problem?or unalienable Citoyens exploited rights Rousseau Marx Locke good Capable of reaCost-benefit driven son and judgeHomo oeconomicus ment Kant Nation - State Ignoring Culture Denying Culture Conflict with ethnic minorities Integrating into one culture of identity Reconciling: Promoting: Challenges of the Nation-State conflict mashared-rule self-rule? with regard Whattoisfragmen-nagement powertation by diversity sharing? To get legitimacy from diversities by Tolerating: minority protection; affirmative action? us and for our Equalising: collective rights? The Fourteen Principles To hold a multicultural State together Legitimacy Rule of Law Shared Rule Self-Rule Democracy Legitimacy 1. Take cultural diversity seriously 2. Fatherland for minorities 3. Composed Nation 4. Multiple loyalty Rule of Law 5. The Right to be unequal, or: equal rights versus the right to be equal 6. Four Dimension of Freedom: From, By, To, Within, the State 7. Liberty and Peace Shared Rule 8. Participation of ethnic Groups In Constitution making 9. Power sharing of cultural communities Self Rule 10. Autonomy 11. Enhancing diversity to overcome ethnification of politics Democracy 12. Self-determination of individuals as aim of democracy 13. Value of compromise as alternative to the winner takes all democracy 14. Conflict management