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JOSEPH HAYDN Symphony Nr. 94 Fourth Movement Joseph Haydn 1732 - 1809 • Joseph was born in a tiny Austrian village called Rohrau. • His father made wagon wheels. • Haydn’s musical background consisted of folk songs his father loved to sing. • Haydn’s family noticed how musical he was and sent him to live with relatives who could give him basic music lessons. • He was six years old when he left home. The home where Haydn was born. • After two years of lessons, he got a position at St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna as a choirboy. • When his voice changed, Haydn was dismissed from St. Stephen’s and turned out on the street without a penny. • “I barely managed to stay alive by giving music lessons to children for about eight years” he wrote. • Throughout these years he struggled to teach himself composition and also took odd jobs, including playing the violin in street bands. • Gradually, people began to notice him. • FINALLY, by the time he was 29 years old, his life changed for the better – permanently. • In 1761, Haydn entered the service of the Esterhazys, the richest and most powerful of the Hungarian noble families. The Esterhazy palace where Haydn lived. • Respected and taken care of, Haydn flourished in this palace. • The palace contained an opera house, a theater, two concert halls, and 126 guest rooms. • He was looked at as a highly skilled servant and was subject to the wishes of the prince. • Haydn met the younger Mozart in the early 1780s and they became close friends. • Of Mozart Haydn said, “This I know: Mozart is the greatest composer the world possesses now.” • Haydn became immensely popular all over Europe. • In 1790, after the death of the Prince, Haydn was free to go to London. Portrait of Haydn • Haydn gladly left to visit London. He composed many symphonies there and his works were viewed as triumphs. • And so the servant became a celebrity. • Haydn returned to Vienna in 1794, rich and honored. • At this point, he was still employed by the Esterhazys, but needed only to write one mass a year. • Haydn died in 1809, at the age of 77, while Napoleon’s army was occupying Vienna. • The memorial service for him showed how famous he had become. • It was attended by thousands.