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The Pantheon
PowerPoint: beyond the basics
Hyperlink exercise
Adam Warren
[email protected]
023 8059 4486
University of Southampton Centre for Learning and Teaching
Table of Contents
► The
Pantheon in Rome
► the inscription on the pediment
► the interior
► the dome
 detail
► Pantheon
– history and design
The Pantheon in Rome
Pantheon inscription
The inscription reads M.AGRIPPA.L.F.COS.TERTIUM.FECIT, meaning
"Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucius, Consul for the third time, built this."
In fact, Agrippa's Pantheon was destroyed by fire in 80 AD, and the
Pantheon was completely rebuilt in about 125 AD, during the reign of the
Emperor Hadrian, as date-stamps on the bricks reveal. Presumably some or
all of the facade, including the inscription, survived from the old Pantheon.
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Pantheon interior
The Pantheon is a building in Rome
which was originally built as a temple to
all the gods of the Roman state religion,
but has been a Christian church since the
7th century AD. It is the only building from
the Greco-Roman world which is
completely intact and which has been in
continuous use throughout its history.
Pantheon dome
Once the Romans learned to use
concrete, they were able to mould on the
ground their rounded tops for their
buildings and hoist them into place on top
of a rotunda. The Pantheon is just such a
structure with an opening at the centre top
of the dome. Because this opening is not
covered, the floor is slightly concave with
a drain at the centre so as to catch the
rain when necessary.
The dome has a span of 43.2 m, the
largest dome in the world until
Brunelleschi's dome at the Florence
Cathedral of 1420-36.
Pantheon dome (detail)
Note the advanced construction technique
– this shape minimises the weight of the
dome while retaining the ribs needed for
structural strength.
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