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Miss Patel – Barr Beacon School Python Workbook Name: ……………………… Form: ……… Tutor: ……………………… 1 Miss Patel – Barr Beacon School About this workbook Work through this booklet during Computer Science Python lessons. Things will be discussed in lesson and this book will also provide examples and explanations to what you are learning. You will be required to write your own explanations, answers and complete your own tasks in this book during the course. You will use this booklet to revise from and help you remember what you have learnt. When you see ‘KW:’ this means you need to find this keyword in the back of the booklet and write down the definition. Introduction What is Python? Python is a programming language which is widely used in Computing to create applications. Python is generally used to introduce programming languages because it is easy to learn and also used by professional software developers in industry. Using what you have learn about Python in the lesson answer the following questions? What is programming? …………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………….…………… ……………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………….…………………………………………………………….……………………………………… …………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… What is a computer program and where can we find them? (use the words instructions, hardware and software in your answer). …………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………….…………… ……………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………….…………………………………………………………….……………………………………… …………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………….…………… ……………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………….…………………………………………………………….……………………………………… …………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… KW: Program, Software, Hardware 2 Miss Patel – Barr Beacon School 1. Getting started with Python 1.1. Writing your first program Open up a Python IDLE IDE This is the Python shell, and is useful for short commands / simple instructions. This is called interactive mode/shell (your instructions will be executed straight away Locate the command prompt (>>>), after the command prompt type in the following code: print(“Hello World”) Hit enter – Well done you just created your first Python Program What happens? …………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………….………………… ……………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………….……………………… Notice, the print is in purple and the Hello World is in green – this is called syntax highlighting. Python automatically assigns different colours to different elements of the code. KW: IDLE, command prompt Activity Write a programme to write your name on the screen Write your code here: 3 Miss Patel – Barr Beacon School What do you think the following will do? print(“Hello World”) - print(“Hello) - print(Hello World) - prin(“Hello World”) - What do they actually do? print(“Hello World”) - print(“Hello) - print(Hello World) - prin(“Hello World”) - KW: Syntax highlighting, Syntax errors Syntax Errors What is syntax? Syntax is used to describe the rules that determine the way instructions and code have to be written. When there are errors in your code an error message will appear. Write some code that will bring up a syntax error: What is the error message? How can you fix this? (This is called debugging) 4 Miss Patel – Barr Beacon School Calculations in Python Remember python operators: + Addition - Subtraction * Multiplication / Division Try the following in Python: 1564 + 8467 67599 - 455 4.55 * 455 5510 / 5 KW: Debugging, Operators Can you use multiple operators in one calculation? Try two out and paste your code below: * * 5 Miss Patel – Barr Beacon School Variables In Python we use variables to store information like numbers, values, text, etc. A variable can be given any name that is meaningful which is then given a value. For example we want to store 23 cookies in jar 1 we would use the following command: jar1 = 23 We can then reuse this variable in our code or print the value we stored inside jar1 easily : print (jar1) Activity Using the variable jar1 which you have just created calculate in Python how many cookies we would have altogether if we had 9 jars. Write your code here: …………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………… What if we decided to store 30 cookies in each jar and wanted to calculate how many we would have in 9 jars? What could we do? Create 2 variables: max and min Carry out a calculation that will print a new value using max and min Write your code below: 6 Miss Patel – Barr Beacon School Variables and user input For this section you will need to work in the IDLE text editor. The text editor allows you to edit the code in chunks and then run it when you are happy. To get this you will need to go to “File” in shell mode, and click “New Window / New File”, this will open up a new blank document called untitled. You will not be able to run any code until you have saved this file, so give it a meaningful name and save it in your area in your Miss Patel folder. Let’s create a program that will ask a user to enter their name and return a personalised message using a variable to store their name. Type the following code in IDLE (not in the shell) name=raw_input("What is your name? ") print ("Hello " + name) To run this code you will need to go to “Run” and click “Run module”. This will run your code and open up a new python shell window. You will see you print messages appear – type in your name and hit enter. KW: variable You have seen we can embed the contents of a variable in defined string. Try the following: age=raw_input("How old are you? ") print "You are , age, "years old" There is a syntax error in the code above. Can you find it and say why it has given a syntax error message? …………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………….………………… ……………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………….……………………… KW: String, Syntax 7