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Intro to Biology Chemistry of Life Cells Cell Transport Energy in Cells 10 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 20 20 30 30 30 30 30 40 40 40 40 40 50 50 50 50 50 Question 1 - 10 • Susan wants to determine the mass of fungus growing on a nutrient agar plate over a six hour period. She will measure the fungus in this unit. Answer 1 – 10 • What is the milligram? Question 1 - 20 Water is the universal _________________. Answer 1 – 20 • What is a solvent? Question 1 - 30 • Out of the following solutions, which one has the greatest concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-)? • A. Urine (pH 6) C. Tomato Juice (pH 4.0) • B. Rainwater (pH 5.5) D. Gastric Juice (pH 2) Answer 1 – 30 • Urine – The higher the hydroxide ions, the less acidic the substance is, so urine would be less acidic than the others and would have more hydroxide ions. Question 1 - 40 • How many variables can be tested within one experiment? Answer 1 – 40 • One • If more than one is tested, you will not know which variable caused the outcome. Question 1 - 50 • Students set up an experiment to see if temperature affected the growth rate of mold on bread. Students placed the bread in three locations: the refrigerator, the countertop, and on a windowsill in the sunlight. Mold growth was measured after 5 days. There are two variables in this experiment. What is the mold growth? Answer 1 – 50 • What is the dependent variable? Question 2 - 10 • What are the 3 parts of an atom and where are each located? Answer 2 – 10 • Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus. Electrons orbit the nucleus. Question 2 - 20 • If an atom loses an electron, what type of ion will be created? Answer 2 – 20 • Positive ion. Electrons are negative so if an atom loses an electron, it is losing negative charges leaving more positive charges than negative charges. Question 2 - 30 • Water is a polar molecule. The oxygen end will be more ____________ charged and the hydrogen end will be more ___________ charged. Answer 2 – 30 • Oxygen – negative • Hydrogen - positive Question 2 - 40 • Flourine belongs to family 17 and has 9 protons and 10 neutrons. How many valence electrons will flourine have? Answer 2 – 40 • Flourine will have 7 valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the last energy level. If flourine has 9 protons, it has 9 electrons. 2 electrons will be in the first level leaving 7 in the last level. Question 2 - 50 • An atom has 24 protons and has a mass of 40. The atom also has 24 electrons. How many neutrons will the atom contain? Answer 2 – 50 • 16! Protons and neutrons equal the mass. If the mass is 40 and the atom has 24 protons, then the atom must have 16 neutrons. Question 3 - 10 • This part of the cell controls what enters and leaves the cell. Answer 3 – 10 • Cell membrane Question 3 - 20 • A student looks at a cell through a microscope and sees an nucleus. Seeing this organelle confirmed the cell was this type of cell. Answer 3 – 20 • What is a eukaryotic cell? Question 3 - 30 • The main function of the cell wall is to Answer 3 – 30 • What is to support and protect the cell? Question 3 - 40 • is part of the cytoskeleton and provides movement for muscles and pseudopodia. Answer 3 – 40 • What is actin filaments? Question 3 - 50 • Cells only come from pre-existing cells. This is the word which means that life can come from nothing. Scientists once believed this, but it was later disproved. Answer 3 – 50 • What is abiogenesis? Question 4 - 10 • This type of transport does NOT require energy! Answer 4 – 10 • What is passive transport? Question 4 - 20 • This type of solution will cause cells to swell Answer 4 – 20 • What is a hypotonic solution? Question 4 - 30 • This is a type of transport that does not require energy but does require a carrier protein. Answer 4 – 30 • What is facilitated diffusion? Question 4 - 40 • Solution with a lower solute concentration than inside of a cell Answer 4 – 40 • What is a hypotonic solution? Question 4 - 50 • This type of transport allows the conduction of nerve impulses and muscle contration Answer 4 – 50 • What is the sodium-potassium pump? Question 5 - 10 • This is the location of the chlorophyll in the chloroplast and also the site for the light dependent reaction. Answer 5 – 10 • What is the thylakoid membrane? Question 5 - 20 • This is the sugar found in both ADP and ATP Answer 5 – 20 • What is ribose? Question 5 - 30 • This is the energy trapping molecule found in plants Answer 5 – 30 • What is chlorophyll? Question 5 - 40 • Kidneys use energy to move molecules and ions to keep the blood chemically balanced. This is known as ? Answer 5 – 40 • What is homeostasis? Question 5 - 50 • What is the chemical formula for photosynthesis? Answer 5 – 50 • 6CO2 + 6H20 + light energy C6H12O6 + 6O2