Download Male Reproduction

Male Reproduction
Puberty- Stages of growth and development
where males and females become capable of
producing offspring.
-Females 8-15 years old
-Males 12-15 years old
• Males produce their sperm after they are born
• Females are born with all of their ova
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Sperm
male sex cell stored and matured in the testes
Life span 48-72 hours after ejaculation
400-500 million released in an average ejaculation
Average male produces about 200 million sperm a day
Testes
temporary storage place for immature sperm
takes 64 days for sperm to mature
Vas Deferens
tube that transports mature sperm up into the body cavity at the
peak of sexual arousal
Epididymis
tubes that lie just above the testes
temporary storage place for mature sperm
organ that produces sperm
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Scrotum
sac that holds the testes in place
regulates temperature
Extreme heat will kills sperm
Normal body temp: 98.6
Sperm temp: 95.5
Semen
• fluid ejaculated from the penis
• Seminal vesicles
• add a chemical fluid to the semen
• Prostate gland
• adds a sugary fluid to the semen
• Cowper's gland
• lubricates the urethra prior to an ejaculation
• contains a small amount of mature sperm
• Urethra
• tube that transports semen and urine out of the penis
• Penis
• Male sex organ
• spongy erectile tissue allows penis to become
erect for penetration during intercourse
• Bladder
• contains and holds urine
• Testosterone
• hormone produced by the testes
• helps produce sperm
• develops male secondary sex characteristics
• controls the prostate’s growth and function
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Male Secondary Sex Characteristics
Longer bones
Stronger bones
Pubic hair
Testes enlarge
Voice will deepen
• Circumcision
• removal of the foreskin around the head of
the penis for hygenical reasons
Testicular Self-Examination
• Testicular cancer kills nearly 400 people per year in the
U.S., and the incidence rate of cancer of the testis has
increased in recent years in the U.S. and in many other
countries. The cancer is unusual in that it affects fairly
young men (the average age at diagnosis is about 34
years old). It is also one of the most curable cancers,
especially if caught early, and medical authorities
recommend that a testicular examination be performed
as part of routine medical checkups. In addition, men 2055 years old should perform a monthly testicular selfexamination. A self-examination takes only a couple
minutes, and it can save your life, so consult your doctor
for advice and follow these steps.
Step 1
• Use a mirror to examine your testicles.
Sit down in a well-lit area and use a small
mirror to examine your scrotum for visible
lumps or swelling. A mirror is helpful
because otherwise you can't get a good
look at the entire scrotum.
Step 2
• Feel your testicles to detect any differences
between them. Hold your scrotum and testicles
in the palm of one hand and feel for any
differences between the testicles. It is normal for
one testicle to be hang slightly lower than the
other and to be slightly larger than the other, but
if one testicle seems to be much larger than the
other or if it seems to have an abnormal shape
or hardness, it's time to see a doctor for further
examination.
Step 3
• Examine each testicle for lumps or swelling. Use one
hand to hold your scrotum and penis in place and use
the other to examine each testicle, one at a time. Gently
roll the testicle between your thumb and forefinger to
check for swelling, lumps, hardness, or an unusual
heaviness. Do this slowly and make sure to check all
around each testicle. The testicles should be smooth all
around, but you will notice a soft tube, called the
epididymis coming from the top of each one.
Step 4
• Be on the lookout for other cancer
symptoms. While an abnormality in the testes is
the surest sign of testicular cancer, other
symptoms, such as backache, stomach pains,
coughing, or tenderness around the nipples,
may be indicative of a spread of the cancer.
These symptoms, of course, may accompany
any number of other illnesses or injuries, so
simply be aware of them and be sure to examine
your testicles or see a doctor if they occur.
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Prostate
size of a walnut
surrounds the urethra
secretes much of the liquid portion of semen, the
milky fluid that transports sperm through the
penis during ejaculation
• located beneath the bladder
• male hormones cause the prostate gland to
develop in the fetus
• prostate grows as a boy progresses to manhood
• Prostate Cancer
• malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissue of the
prostate
• may spread
• most common non-skin malignancy in men
• 2nd to lung cancer in deaths
• About 220,000 new cases each year (32,000
deaths)
• 1 in 6 men will be diagnosed
• 1 in 34 will die from it
• 1.8 million men in the U.S. are survivors of
prostate cancer
• Prognosis and Treatment
• Depends on the stage of the cancer, patient’s
age, and health
• early prostate cancer usually has no symptoms
• Found during a regular checkup, using a blood
test called a PSA and a digital rectal exam
(DRE)
• Early detection is on the rise and mortality rates
are declining
• Treatment options vary: radiation therapy,
cryosurgery and surgical removal of the prostate
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Symptoms of Prostate Cancer
Frequent urination
Inability to urinate
Trouble starting/holding urination
A weak/interrupted urine flow
Painful or burning urination
Blood in the urine or semen
Painful ejaculation
pain in the lower back, hips or upper thighs
• Testicular Cancer
• rare, most common cancer in males 15 to
34
• highly treatable, even when spread
• regular self-exams help identify growths
• usually only one testicle
• See your doctor if you have pain, swelling,
or lumps in your testicles or groin area,
especially if lasting longer than two weeks.
• Only a small % of testicular cancer is
painful from the outset.
• Staging the Cancer
• stage 1- limited to testes
• stage 2- spread to the lymph nodes in the
abdomen
• stage 3- spread to other parts of the body;
most commonly spreads to the lungs, liver,
bones, and brain.