Download UNIT 3: THE CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION

UNIT 3: THE CIVIL
WAR &
RECONSTRUCTION
Causes of the Civil War
North vs. South
Causes of the War
• Regional Differences
– Industrial North v. Agricultural South
– South wanted to remain traditional and continue
to use slave labor
• Slavery
– Expansion into western territories
– States’ rights vs. federal government
• Election of President Abraham Lincoln
– Not listed on the ballot in southern states
– South felt that they did not elect him
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2
Secession of the Southern
States
• Secession: to leave formally from
membership
• South Carolina voted to leave the
Union on December 20, 1860
• 10 more states left the Union and
formed the Confederate States of
America
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3
Lincoln’s Response
• President Lincoln saw it as his duty
to protect the Union
• In his Oath of Office, Lincoln
promised to “ protect and defend the
Union”
• He vowed to protect the Union and
keep it together
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4
Protect and Defend the
Union
• Protecting the Union proved to be
more difficult that Lincoln thought
• Fort Sumter was a particularly
difficult issue
– Union fort located in enemy South
– South threatened to attack if Lincoln
tried to re-supply the fort
– Despite warning, Lincoln sent supply
ships to the fort
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5
First signs of War
• Confederate President Jefferson
Davis made good on his promise
• As the Union ships entered
Charleston, South Carolina, Davis
ordered an attack
• The Union responded in self defense
• These became the first shots of the
Civil War
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6
The Union
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Advantages:
Greater Population
More railroads
More factories
More money
More technology
Functioning
government
Existing army &
navy
Disadvantages:
• Fighting far from
home
• Many did not
believe in the
cause
• Many did not want
to fight their
neighbor
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The Confederacy
Advantages:
• Seven major colleges
to train military
officers
• Only had to defend
their homeland
• Fighting to defend
their way of life and
right to self
government
•
•
•
•
•
Disadvantages:
Smaller population
Few factories
Underdeveloped
railroad
Little money in the
banks
Struggling
government
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8
Emancipation Proclamation
And by virtue of the power, and for the
purpose aforesaid, I do order and declare
that all persons held as slaves within said
designated States, and parts of States, are,
and henceforward shall be free; and that
the Executive government of the United
States, including the military and naval
authorities thereof, will recognize and
maintain the freedom of said persons.
- President Abraham
Lincoln
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9
Gettysburg Address
Read the Gettysburg Address.
Answer the questions that follow.
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