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Biomes Notes For This Chapter • These are supplemental notes that are supposed to help you study for the upcoming test • These notes will NOT be given in class • Please email me any questions at [email protected] • The biomes in these notes will be the only ones you will be tested on Major Biomes Covered In These Notes • • • • • • • • Tundra Deciduous Forest Coniferous Forest Tropical Rain Forest Temperate Grassland Savanna Desert Freshwater Wetlands Tundra • The tundra is a cold and mostly treeless biome • It is characterized by low temperatures and permafrost • Permafrost is a layer of soil that is frozen all year round Tundra • Average rainfall = Less than 25cm • Average temp = -26 to 12 degrees Celsius • Plant Life – Mosses, lichens. grasses • Animal Life – Polar Bears, caribou, snowshoe hares Deciduous Forest • Characterized by trees that lose their leaves once every year • A common sight in Annandale, NJ • Have pronounced seasons with a cold winter and warm summer Deciduous Forest • Average rainfall = 75 – 150cm • Average temp = -10 to 35 degrees Celsius • Plant Life = Oak, Maple, Hickory, Ash • Animal Life = Bears, Wolves, Deer, Rabbits Coniferous Forests • Characterized by forests that never lose their leaves • Most trees have adapted to the cold • Short summers and long winters Coniferous Forests • Average rainfall = 30 – 75cm • Average temp = 25 to -20 degrees Celsius • Plant Life = Fur, Spruce, Pine • Animal Life = Red Fox, Snowy Owl, Moose Tropical Rain Forest • Characterized by warm temperatures and heavy rains • A very diverse area that has many different species of plants and animals • Most seasons are relatively the same Tropical Rain Forest • Average rainfall = Over 150 cm • Average temp = 20 – 30 degrees Celsius • Plant Life = Large Trees, Vines and • Animal Life = Monkeys, insects, lizards, amphibians Temperate Grassland • Characterized by rich fertile soil and large open plains • Generally found in the interior of continents • High production of farmland Temperate Grassland • Average rainfall = 25 – 75 cm • Average temp = 0 – 25 degrees Celsius • Plant Life = Grasses, small trees • Animal Life = hawks, buffalo, deer and prairie dogs Savanna • Characterized by open grasslands with seasonal rainfall • They have a dry season and a wet season • Located in Africa, South America and Austrialia Savanna • Average rainfall = 75 – 150cm • Average temp = 16 – 35 degrees Celsius • Plant Life = Tall grasses, some scattered trees • Animal Life = Zebra, lions, water buffalo, elephants Desert • Characterized by a lack of rainfall • Could be either hot or cold • Extreme environments where plants and animals have to deal with little or no water intake Desert • Average rainfall = Less than 25cm • Average temp = -15 to 39 degrees Celsius • Plant Life = Plants adapted to low water • Animal Life = Animals adapted to low water Freshwater Wetlands • Characterized by land covered in fresh water • Often referred to as marshes or swamps • Sites of diverse plant and animal life Freshwater Wetlands • Average rainfall = 25cm – 100cm • Average temp = 10 – 30 degrees Celsius • Plant Life = Woody Plants, Reeds, Mosses, Algae • Animal Life = Crocodiles, Fish, Wading Birds