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Terrestrial Biomes
1. Largest land biome; Also called the Coniferous
Forest or Boreal Forest; Found in the Northern
Hemisphere below the Tundra
2. Found in mountainous regions including the Andes,
Alps, and Rocky Mountains; Usually lies between an
altitude (height) of about 10,000 feet and the place
where the snow line of a mountain begins; Generally,
as altitude (height) increases, the temperature gets
colder
3. Found in the middle latitudes, in the interiors of
continents (often between deserts and forests); There
can be long periods of drought which can cause
wildfires; summers are warm and winters are cold
4. Located near middle latitudes; characterized by dry
soil; little rainfall (less than 25 cm a year);
Evaporation rates are faster than rainfall rates;
Driest Biome
Tiaga
Alpine
Grasslands
Desert
5. Made up of mostly trees that lose their leaves in the Deciduous Forest
fall to conserve water; Warm summers, cold winters;
Moderate rainfall (about 75-150 cm a year)
6. High temperature and high humidity;
High rainfall with at least 200+ cm a year (wettest
biome)
7. Long, cold winters and short cool summers
Little rainfall (less than 25 cm each year); Ground is
often wet and soggy because water cannot drain thru
the frozen ground (permafrost);
Located in northern most regions of Earth
Tropical rain
Forest
Tundra
Marine Biomes
1. Area of shore between low and high tide;
Organisms must be able to survive the changing tides and the
pounding waves; Sometimes under water, sometimes exposed
to air and sunlight
Intertidal Zone
2. Wetland which forms at the mouth of a river where fresh
water mixes with salt water from an ocean or bay; Great
diversity of plants and animals; Dense (thick) plants protect
organisms from waves and hide them from predators;
Tides circulate nutrients
3. Ocean floor; Hydrothermal vents found in deep areas; Coral
reefs are commonly found in the warm, shallow waters
4. Areas where water is more or less permanently at the
surface; Abundance of plant and animal life because nutrients
are plentiful; consists of soft stemmed vegetation or mainly
woody plants or shrubs
5. Located above the continental shelf; Water is shallow
enough that light can penetrate it, which makes photosynthesis
possible
6. Open ocean and the largest marine zone; Makes up most of
the world’s oceans; Sunlight can only pass through about 200
meters; Most of the photosynthesis occurs in this zone because
of the huge area; Where sunlight does not reach, it becomes
dark and cold with increased pressure
7. Bodies of fresh water that flow slowly or not at all; Lakes
are deeper and larger than ponds; Ponds are shallow enough to
allow sunlight to reach the bottom; therefore, plants can grow
8. Water that flows; Rivers begin as cold streams in the
mountains or hills that flow rapidly; Farther down the
mountain, water slows down and forms twists and turns
Small streams join together to form large rivers
Plants and animals must be able to survive the flowing
currents
Estuary
Benthic Zone
Marsh and Swamps
Neritic Zone
Oceanic Zone
Lakes and Ponds
Rivers and Streams