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2/23 Agenda: •Bell work •Microlife Quiz •Classification of Living things Materials: - Pencil - Notebook - Classification Packet DO: Today we will learn about the history of classification DQ: Why do we have a classification system? WHAT IS CLASSIFICATION? CLASSIFICATION IS grouping things according to similar characteristics (Examples of characteristics are size, shape, color, behavior, etc…) Biological classification systems name & organize living things in a logical and meaningful way. DEFINITIONS Taxonomy: the study or practice of classifying living things Basis of a classification/taxonomic system: the characteristic that is used to decide what things are placed in which groups during the process of classification History of Classification 1) Aristotle: A. Lived around the year of 384 BC B. Designed a classification system for organisms 1. The basis of his taxonomic system was the characteristic of movement. 2. First: He divided ALL living things into two groups/kingdoms: Those that can move from place to place ANIMALS Those that cannot move from place to place PLANTS 3. Second: He divided the group called animals (can move) into 3 groups according to the way they moved: fly, walk, swim History of Classification 2) Today’s system: – A. Basis of today’s system: similarity of structure (ex.: skin covering, DNA) – B. The system used today has 5 kingdoms. Listed from the kingdom of the simplest organisms to the kingdom of the most complex organisms, these 5 kingdoms are: 1) Moneran Kingdom (simplest organisms) 2) Protist Kingdom 3) Fungi Kingdom 4) Plant Kingdom 5) Animal Kingdom (most complex organisms) MONERAN KINGDOM MAJOR TRAITS EXAMPLES PICTURES • • • PROTIST KINGDOM FUNGI KINGDOM PLANT KINGDOM ANIMAL KINGDOM UNICELLULAR • UNICELLULAR • MULTICELLULAR • MULTICELLULAR • MULTICELLULAR NO NUCLEUS • NUCLEUS • HETERTROPH • AUTOTROPH • HETEROTROPH BOTH • BOTH • HAVE A CELL • SPECIALIZED HETEROTROPH HETERTROPH WALL TISSUE AND AND • ORGANS AND AUTOTROPH AUTOTROPH ORGAN SYSTEM Classification – definitions – Part A 1) unicellular: made of one cell 2) multicellular: made of more than one cell 3) autotroph: an organism that gets its energy by making its food in its body 4) heterotroph: an organism that gets its energy by eating other organisms Kingdom Summary Chart Complete the chart by using + to indicate that the description is true and A – to indicate that the description does not apply to the organism in that Kingdom. Unicellular Monerans Protists Fungi Plants Animals + + - - Multicellular + + + No Nucleus Nucleus Autotroph Heterotroph + - + - + + + + + + - + + + + Characteristics of living things: 1. Living things are made of cells. 2. Living things use energy 3. Living things grow and develop. 4. Living things respond to the environment. 5. Living things reproduce. Classify something! Classify the following Saguaro cactus Gila monster Rattle snake Parrot Viper German Shepard Rose bush Whale Falcon sparrow Sea anemone penguin narwhal jaguar Platypus Douglas fir human wolf Dolphin Bat Strawberry Eagle Barrel cactus clam CLASSWORK SPELLING #1 WORKSHEET #1 CLASSWORK: • Spelling WORKSHEET #2 • Classification WORKSHEET # 2