Download INNOVATION AND ENGINEERING DESIGN

INNOVATION AND
ENGINEERING DESIGN
UNIT III
DESIGN & SKETCHING
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation
under Grant No. 0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
DESIGN

Design is a purposeful
activity that results in a
technological solution to a
problem.
SKETCHING





Sketching is a simple method of
presenting ideas by putting them
onto paper (or other media).
Pencil, paper, eraser
Everyone can do it!
Methods that can be
duplicated/practiced easily!
Can be done anywhere!
DRAFTING



Systematic method of
modeling ideas onto paper
Universal system = Universal
language of industry
Standards are in place



Line weight
“Alphabet of lines”
Others
LINE WEIGHT

Communicate meaning/emphasis

Point system




72 points = one inch
Small units
Used in computer fonts
1/16, 1//8, etc. do not work
ALPHABET OF LINES

Provide specific meaning

Border line (name gives definition)

Object line (name gives definition)

Center line (name gives definition)

Others
DIMENSIONING






Provide pertinent information
Must be very accurate/neat!
Can be very laborious/time
consuming
Many rules to guide drafter
Computers have simplified
See handout on rules/examples
LETTERING







Communicate designers intent
Make or break the design
Must be neat and organized
Very time consuming
Individual styles with rules
Computer has simplified/sped up
the process
Example in handout
DRAWING TYPES





Orthographic projection
Oblique projection
Isometric projection
Perspective projection
Other terms used


Axonometric
Trimetric
ORTHOGRAPHIC



Object viewed from one line of
sight
Two dimensional
Six possible views



View as if in a glass box
Top, bottom, front, back, R.side,
L.side.
Three views used (most often)

Front, top, R.side
ORTHOGRAPHIC

Layout used
D
T
H
F
W


R
S
S
Each share two common
dimensions
F=w,h T=w,d RS=d,h
OBLIQUE







Simplest pictorial
Pictorial (as the eye sees it)
Optical illusion
Shows three dimensions
Front view
Depth shown with 45 angle
Handout example
OBLIQUE
H
D
W
ISOMETRIC







More realistic depth
Pictorial (as the eye sees it)
Optical illusion
Shows three dimensions
Uses two angles 30 degrees
All alike dimensions are parallel
Most commonly used
ISOMETRIC

Three base lines
H
W
D
BLOCKING IN





Start all objects as a
rectangle or a square
Determine dimensions
Add special features/parts
Refine/darken
Handout example
COMPUTER


Computer Assisted Design
CAD-computer assisted design or
computer assisted drafting


CADD-computer assisted
design and drafting
ProDesktop Software

FREE to the student!
COMPUTER




Frees up time to be creative
Avoids repetitive tasks
Increases productivity
Can be integrated with other
systems easily



Laser
Milling
Unlimited other possibilities
LET’S DO SOME



Designing
Sketching
CAD

ProDesktop