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Age of Imperialism • Imperialism = the extension of a nations power over other lands. • Usually means the political, cultural, and economic domination of one country over another. The rationale for Imperialism • Rationale means the reason why. (As in, what is your rationale for not doing your homework?) • These are the reasons why the Industrial countries went out and dominated the majority of the world. 1st Reason – Need for raw materials • The raw materials were used to feed the factories in the industrialized country. 2nd Reason – Compete in International Markets • Countries wanted to secure a place to sell all the manufactured goods they made. 3rd Reason – Competition between nations • Size of colonies tied to national pride. • Social Darwinism – Belief that nations were like animal species. Survival of the fittest. 4th Reason – Spread European culture and religion • “White man’s burden” – to civilize and Christianize the primitive peoples. • Racism – Belief that race determines traits and capabilities Division of the World • The world was divided into empires and spheres of influence during the 18th and 19th centuries. • Empire = when one country controls another • Sphere of Influence = When a country has the exclusive right to do business in a region of the world. Berlin Conference • The European powers agreed to divide Africa peacefully so there wouldn’t be wars between themselves. • Partition of Africa • P. 693 • Southeast Asia • P. 687 • Latin America – p.709 – Monroe Doctrine – President Monroe made a proclamation. He warned Europe to not meddle in the affairs of North or South America. • Implied in the Monroe Doctrine was that the USA would be in charge of any problems in the Americas. – Panama Canal – Example of American Sphere of Influence p.720 • China - Spheres of Influence p.725 • “A pair of shoes to every Chinaman.” • A sphere of influence was an area where an imperial power had exclusive trading rights. British Empire Example • The Development of the British Empire Around the World. • Great Britain created one of the largest empires in history. • They had an expression, “The Sun never sets on the British Empire.” • After the opening of the Suez Canal, Britain made Egypt a Protectorate North America Asia Africa Middle East Caribbean Southeast Asia Pacific The World The Sun never sets on the British Empire.