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Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration The process in which mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP Comparison of Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Food synthesized Food broken down Energy from sun stored in glucose CO2 taken in Energy of glucose released Oxygen given off Oxygen taken in Produces sugars Produces CO2 & H2O Requires light Does not require light CO2 given off Occurs only in presence of Occurs in all living cells chlorophyll Cellular Respiration 3 stages Glycolysis (anaerobic) Citric Acid Cycle (aerobic) The Electron Transport Chain (aerobic) Glycolysis A series of chemical reactions in the cytoplasm of the cell that break down glucose. 2 molecules of ATP are used to produce 4 molecules of ATP CO2 is given off. The Citric Acid Cycle Also called the Krebs cycle. Similar to the Calvin cycle (Dark reaction) 1 glucose molecule is broken down in 2 turns of the cycle. Every 2 turn of the cycle 2 molecule of ATP and 4 molecules of CO2 are produced. 2 electron carriers are used NAD + & FAD NAD + NADH FAD FADH2 The electron carriers each pass 2 energized electrons along to the electron transport chain. Electron Transport Chain NADH & FADH2 deliver energized e- at the top of the chain. Electrons are passed from protein to protein in the chain. When no Oxygen is present In the absence of oxygen an anaerobic process can produce small amounts of ATP to keep the cell from dying. This process is called Fermentation. Fermentation Occurs during heavy exercise when your cells are without oxygen for a short period of time. It follows glycolysis Produces ATP until oxygen is available. 2 types of fermentation: 1. Lactic Acid Fermentation 2. Alcoholic Fermentation Comparison of Fermentation to Cellular Respiration Lactic Acid Alcoholic Fermentation Fermentation Cellular Respiration glucose Glucose glucose glycolysis Glycolysis glycolysis CO2 CO2 Lactic Acid alcohol water 2 ATP 2 ATP 32 ATP