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The Greek World The Greeks and the Other h1p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Greek-‐Persian_duel.jpg h1p://www.usu.edu/markdamen/ClasDram/images/03/mapgreekphoeniciancolonies.jpg Greek texts on ‘Others’ • Herodotus of Halicarnassus • mid 5th c. BCE • ‘father of history’ (Cicero De legibus 1.5) h1p://www.usu.edu/markdamen/ClasDram/images/03/mapgreekphoeniciancolonies.jpg The World according to Herodotus h1p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Herodotus_world_map-‐en.svg Amazons Statue of a wounded Amazon 1st–2nd c. CE, Roman copy of a Greek bronze statue, c. 450–425 BCE h1p://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-‐of-‐art/32.11.4 The Persian Wars -‐ Background C. 545 BCE Cyrus annexes the Greek territory of Ionia as part of his empire, giving Persia a presence on the Aegean 499 BCE The Greek ci[es of Ionia rebel against Persian rule, with the par[al support of Athens h1p://www.usu.edu/markdamen/ClasDram/images/03/mapgreekphoeniciancolonies.jpg Persian War #1: 490 BCE C. 545 BCE Cyrus annexes the Greek territory of Ionia as part of his empire, giving Persia a presence on the Aegean 499 BCE The Greek ci[es of Ionia rebel against Persian rule, with the par[al support of Athens 490 BCE Darius sends a fleet across the Aegean, carrying a large army of infantry and cavalry for an a1ack on Athens At Marathon the Athenian hoplites, heavily outnumbered, win a spectacular victory against the Persians Adapted from the Oxford Reference Greco-‐Persian Wars [meline: h1p://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780191737824.[meline.0001 h1p://www.cais-‐soas.com/CAIS/Iran/300_movie_sepera[ng_fact_from_fic[on.htm Persian War #2: 480-‐79 BCE 481 BCE Xerxes I renewing the campaign of his father Darius against the Greeks, leads a large army round the Aegean and through Thrace The Greek city-‐states meet in Corinth to devise a joint strategy against the Persians 480 BCE 300 Spartans, led by Leonidas, die a1emp[ng to hold the pass of Thermopylae against the advancing Persian army Athens, abandoned to the advancing Persians, is looted and destroyed The Athenian fleet defeats a considerably larger Persian force in the narrow strait between Salamis and the mainland 479 BCE A Spartan army, led by Pausanias, wins a victory at Plataea, comple[ng the rout of the Persians on the Greek mainland An Athenian force destroys at Mykale the remainder of the Persian fleet, ending the threat from them at sea Adapted from the Oxford Reference Greco-‐Persian Wars [meline: h1p://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780191737824.[meline.0001 h1p://www.livius.org/he-‐hg/hellespont/hellespont.html Greek hoplite and Persian warrior figh[ng one another 5th c. BCE kylix (Na[onal Archaeological Museum of Athens) h1p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Greek-‐Persian_duel.jpg
