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The Shoulder Girdle Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement 420:050 Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements The Shoulder Girdle The scapula and clavicle Two joints Functions Dynamic stability Increased ROM From Seeley RR, Stephens TD, Tate P; anatomy and physiology, ed 7, New York, 2006, McGraw-Hill From Seeley RR, Stephens TD, Tate P; anatomy and physiology, ed 7, New York, 2006, McGraw-Hill Joints Shoulder girdle (scapulothoracic) Scapula moves on the rib cage Joint motion occurs at sternoclavicular joint & to a lesser amount at the acromioclavicular joint Joints Sternoclavicular (SC) (Multiaxial) arthrodial/gliding classification Movements Anteriorly with protraction Posteriorly with retraction Superiorly with elevation Inferiorly with depression Joints Acromioclavicular (AC) Movements Arthrodial/gliding classification Some gliding & rotational motion accompanying other shoulder girdle & shoulder joint motions Often injured Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements Muscles Five muscles primarily involved in shoulder girdle movements All originate on axial skeleton & insert on scapula and/or clavicle Do not attach to humerus & do not cause shoulder joint actions Functions: Stability ROM of shoulder joint Shoulder Girdle Muscles Five muscles primarily involved in shoulder girdle movements Trapezius - upper, middle, lower Rhomboid - deep Levator scapula Serratus anterior Pectoralis minor - deep Trapezius Levator Scapulae Rhomboids Serratus Anterior Pectoralis Minor Subclavius Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements Movements Focus on specific bony landmarks inferior angle glenoid fossa acromion process Shoulder girdle movements = scapula movements Movements Elevation upward or superior movement, as in shrugging shoulders Depression downward or inferior movement, as in returning to normal position Movements Abduction (protraction) scapula moves laterally away from spinal column Adduction (retraction) scapula moves medially toward spinal column Movements Upward rotation turning glenoid fossa upward & moving inferior angle superolaterally away from spinal column Downward rotation returning inferior angle inferomedially toward spinal column & glenoid fossa to normal position Elevation Shoulder Girdle Movements Abduction Adduction Depression Movements Anterior tilt (upward tilt) Rotational movement of scapula about frontal axis Occurs during glenohumeral hyperextension Posterior tilt (downward tilt) Rotational movement of scapula about frontal axis Occurs during glenohumeral hyperflexion Movements Lateral tilt (outward tilt) Rotational movement about its vertical axis Occurs during protraction Medial tilt (return from lateral tilt, inward tilt) Rotational movement about its vertical axis Occurs during retraction Movements Shoulder joint & shoulder girdle work together Shoulder girdle movement independent Upward/downward rotation? Shoulder girdle muscles Stabilize scapula Enhance ROM of shoulder joint ELEVATION Proximal attachment: Above or below scapula/clavicle? How many muscles fit this criteria? Upper fibers trapezius Middle fibers trapezius Rhomboids Levator Scapulae DEPRESSION Proximal attachment: Above or below scapula/clavicle? How many muscles fit this criteria? Lower fibers trapezius Pectoralis minor Subclavius RETRACTION Proximal attachment: In front (ribs) or behind (spine)? How many muscles fit this criteria? Trapezius (all fibers) Rhomboids Levator scapulae PROTRACTION Proximal attachment: In front (ribs) or behind (spine)? How many muscles fit this criteria? Serratus anterior Pectoralis minor UPWARD ROTATION Upward or downward torque? How many muscles fit this criteria? Trapezius (all fibers) Serratus anterior DOWNWARD ROTATION Upward or downward torque? How many muscles fit this criteria? Pectoralis minor Rhomboids