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Chapter 4 Study Guide: DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAPER
1.
Describe the characteristics of a habitat. It is where an organism lives, contains specific
characteristics that an organism needs, and contains biotic and abiotic factors
2. Describe the factors that might make up the community of a pond. Populations of fish, insects,
and other living organisms
3. What can organisms adapt to? Their physical surroundings and to other organisms
4. What is the process of two species changing genetically in response to long-term interactions
with each other? Coevolution
5. Explain how an organism can be resistant to a chemical. Some organisms die when exposed to
chemical. Those that live on pass on their resistance to their offspring.
6. Organisms are more likely to survive because they….have certain behaviors, have certain
physical traits, and lack certain physical traits
7. Most scientists classify organisms into how many kingdoms and how many domains? Four
kingdoms and 3 domains
8. What can convert nitrogen found in the air into a form that plants can use? Bacteria
9. Which protist is a type of algae that uses energy from the sun to make food? Seaweed,
phytoplankton, giant kelp
10. Which animal is successful because it moves quickly, reproduces rapidly, and has a waterproof
external skeleton? An ant
11. What is a vertebrate? Give 3 examples. An animal with a backbone. (monkey, person, bear, etc)
12. What is a non-vascular plant? Give 2 examples. A plant with no vascular tissue to move water
through the plant body. Mosses
13. What is the similarity between Archaea and Bacteria? They are two DOMAINS
14. What is an abiotic factor in an ecosystem, and give some examples. A non-living feature of an
ecosystem. Air, water, soil, temperature, etc.
15. What is natural selection? The unequal survival that results from the presence OR absence of
particular traits
16. Name the place that contains everything an organism needs. Habitat
17. What kingdom includes algae? Protists
18. Name two kingdoms that contain organisms that can use energy from the sun to make food.
Protists and plants
19. Which of these does not belong?
Moss, grass, algae, and wild flower
20. What are soil and temperature: abiotic factors or biotic factors abiotic factors
21. Poison from a snake is an example of: an adaptation
22. Where does most of the energy in an ecosystem come from? The Sun
23. True or False: An organism can usually survive if you remove it from its habitat. False
24. Organisms can adapt to _______ and ________ their physical surroundings and other organisms
25. Why are some organisms more likely to survive than others? They have adaptations that are
better suited for their environment.
26. An organism is resistant to a chemical if it: has a gene that enables it to break down that
chemical
27. The process of two species changing genetically in response to long-term interactions with each
other is known as: Coevolution
28. In order for evolution to occur in a population, individuals with a trait that is “naturally selected
for” must….? Reproduce
29. Which is an example of an organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis and has
cell walls: a buffalo, a tree, bacteria or a mushroom? A tree
30. Why are angiosperms so important? They bear fruit with seeds that repopulate. Most other
organisms depend on them for food in some way
31. What can convert nitrogen in the air into a form that plants can use? bacteria
32. Which is not an algae that uses the sun’s energy to make food? Seaweed, phytoplankton, giant
kelp, gymnosperm (choose one) Gymnosperm
33. Most land animals depend on angiosperms for what? Seed bearing fruit
34. What would describe a dead organism in an ecosystem? Biotic factor
35. What is a population? Members of the same species, living in the same place, at the same time
36. Why are bacteria and fungi important to the environment? They break down dead organisms
37. What are unicellular organisms with cell walls but no nuclei called? bacteria
38. Name a characteristic shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants. They all have cell walls
39. What is a gymnosperm? A plant
40. Name a pair of organisms that belong to the same population. A human mother and her child
41. Humans are members of what species? Homo Sapiens
42. Explain in detail why using a pesticide can backfire on a person. Some bugs will die, but the ones
that survive pass on that resistance to their offspring. Then, that offspring has more offspring,
and all the insects become resistant to the pesticide and it no longer works.