Download National Road Cumberland, Maryland To Wheeling,Virginia

Chapter 8
American Nationalism
War of 1812:
*helps manufacturing
*hurts shipping and banking
1811 exports: $112 million
1814
$ 11 million
Banking:
Charter for Bank of US
expired 1811-not renewed
*no way to borrow for war
*state banks start to issue
notes-not enough gold to back
them up
2nd Bank of the US – 1816
Like the original except stronger,
with more capital
Manufacturing:
No trade with England
means it is necessary to get
goods somehow
New factories fill the void
Textile Industry
1807-15 cotton spindles from
8,000 to 130,000
Francis Cabot Lowell
When war ends British
“dump” goods to get back
their share of the market
Internal Improvements
Should the Federal
Government pay for Internal
Improvements?
Strict Constitutionalists say
NO
National Road
Cumberland, Maryland
To
Wheeling,Virginia
National Road
Jefferson uses money from Ohio land
sales
Later Madison will veto a bill for
improvements . . .
Feels it is unconstitutional
Westward Movement
•1800 – 1820 5.3 to 9.6 m.
•1810 1 of 7 west of Appalachians
•1820 1 of 4
NEW STATES
Indiana 1816
Mississippi 1817
Illinois 1818
Alabama 1819
Some move to far West for
profit
John Jacob AstorAmerican Fur Company in
Astoria, Oregon
ERA OF GOOD FEELING
1816 ELECTION
James Monroe 183
Rufus King 34
Rufus King
Last
Federalist
candidate for
President
Federalists are dead as
a national party
There are:
*no political opposition
*no foreign threats
Monroe wants to bring harmony
to country
Cabinet a mix of North & South
Calhoun is Sec. of War
Selects John Quincy Adams
as Sec. Of State
Former Sec of State:
Jefferson, Madison, Monroe
In 1820 Monroe runs against:
Adams wants Florida
Jackson still down South
with troops
Calhoun says “adopt all
necessary measures” to stop
Indian raids
Andy captures St. Marks and
Pensacola
Adams tells Spain US has
right to stop Indians if Spain
won’t
Implies Andy could do more
ADAMS-ONIS TREATY
*1819
*Spain gives up Florida
*Spain gives up claim
on Pacific Northwest
*US gives up claim on Texas
PANIC OF 1819
CAUSES
*Demand for American goods
*Land boom in West
*Land prices rise
*Easy credit
*New Management at Bank of
US
- tightens credit
-calls in loans
-payment in cash
*Banks that can’t pay - fail
Panic lasts for 6 years
Many blame the Bank of the
US for the Panic
Missouri Compromise
States Balanced
11
11
Why is this important politically?
Need to stay even in Senate
Population larger in the North
by over ½ a million
= more representatives in the
House
1819 Missouri applies for
statehood
60,000 people
10,000 are slaves
Many anti-slavery people in North
are Federalists looking for an
issue to jump start the party
Some D-R’s from North tired of
‘Southern Rule’
Both Northern free labor &
Southern plantation system
see the importance of the
West for their survival
Maine also wants to come in
as a state
South won’t allow it if
Missouri is left out
Line made at 36° 30’
North
free
South
Slave
Marshall Court defines
American legal system
Marshall-Chief Justice
1801-1835
He believes in:
*Strong Judicial Branch
*Federal power over the states
*Interest of business
Dartmouth College v.
Woodward
* Limits states ability to
control corporations
*Overrode state court
-sets precedent
McCulloch v. Maryland
*Can’t tax Federal government
*NECESSARY AND PROPER
CLAUSE - Article I sec. 8
*Bank is constitutional
WORCHESTER v. GEORGIA
*Defines place of American
Indian
*Indians sovereign entities
Foreign Policy
Spain grows weak
Revolutions in Central & South
America
US says it is neutral
Sells supplies to rebels
*1822 Pres. Monroe recognizes:
Mexico, Peru, Chile,
Columbia, Argentina
1823
MONROE DOCTRINE
American continents not to
be considered for further
colonization for any
European power
ELECTION OF 1824
*William Crawford
*John Q. Adams
*Henry Clay
*Andrew Jackson
Election Results
Jackson
99
Adams
84
Crawford 41
Clay
37
CORRUPT
BARGAIN
John Quincy Adams
*Ambassador to Prussia and Russia
*Negotiates the Treaty of Ghent
*Senator from Massachusetts
*Secretary of State
Tariff of Abominations
*New England-tariff on
textiles
*West wants tariff on
their goods
* South mad!!!
Election of 1828
Adams
Jackson
National
Republicans
Democratic
Republicans
Results
Jackson: 178
Adams:
83