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Psychoanalythic theories Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) Erik H. Erikson (1902-94) Personality instances – structural approach ID Superego Ego TE - psychoanalytic ISP - UIO 1 Psychoanalythic theories - ID Main source of psychic energy: drive energi – libido – tension Pleasure principle Energy is discharged without delay Libido (Eros) and destructive (death) drives Primary process TE - psychoanalytic ISP - UIO 2 Psychoanalythic theories Superego Composed of two parts: Conscience and ego ideal Internalization of parents (and society) norms or rules People with a strong superego will be more moralrealistic than realistic The moral and ethic part TE - psychoanalytic ISP - UIO 3 Psychoanalythic theories EGO Secondary process More rational, organized, integrated and logical Delay of energy discharge Reality principle Negotiate between id and superego TE - psychoanalytic ISP - UIO 4 Psychoanalythic theories – repression Transfer treatening events from conscious to unconsious – what ego can not handle Do not disappear Shows partly and disguised in dreams, slip of the tongue, fantasies, free association aso People who depends heavily on this may develop a repressed personality: withdrawn, inaccessible, nonspontaneous and rigid Phobia? TE - psychoanalytic ISP - UIO 5 Psychoanalythic theories – Other defense mechanism Reaction formation – mask anacceptable emotion by focusing on the opposite often in a exaggerated way Projection- attribution of anxiety- arousing to people in the external world Fixation Regression TE - psychoanalytic ISP - UIO 6 Psychoanalythic theories Stages - Freud Oral stage (roughly 0 – 1 year) – basic trust vs. mistrust Anal stage ( roughly 1- 3 years) – autonomy vs shame/doubt Anal character is described as orderly, pedantic and obstinate Phallic stage ( roughly 3 – 5 years) – Oedipus complex – Identity - initiative versus guilt Period of latency ( 5 year to the beginning of puberty Genital stage ( Adolescence) TE - psychoanalytic ISP - UIO 7 Psychoanalythic theories methods Psychoanalysis Dream analysis Free association Hypnosis Transference In summary, Freuds methodology was to listen to troubled adults talk TE - psychoanalytic ISP - UIO 8