Download Skeletal

Skeletal System
Cranium
Sternum
Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
Ribs
Pelvis
Vertebra
Radius
Ulna
(U=Underneath)
Carpals
Metacarpals
Femur
Phalanges
Fibula
Tibia
T=Thick
Patella
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Functions of the Skeleton
Support
The skeleton supports the body in a variety of
positions. The bones and skeletal system give
the body shape and acts as a framework.
Examples:

The bones of the legs support the body.

The vertebrae support the head.
Movement
The skeleton is jointed to allow us to move when
the muscles attached to them contract. Where bones meet
they form joints, which act as levers.
Example:

The bones and
joints work with
muscles to
enable us to
walk, jog and
sprint.

The vertebrae
allow us to
bend, stretch
and rotate our
body.
Protection
The hard nature of bone means that the skeleton
can protect the more delicate parts of the body.
Examples:
 The cranium (skull)
protects the soft
tissue of the brain.
 The rib cage protects the
delicate heart, lungs and
other vital organs.
Blood Cell Production
Red and white blood cells are made in red bone
marrow which is found at the ends of the femur
and humerus
Red Bone
Marrow
Function of
Skeleton
Movement
Shape / Support
Protection
Explanation
Importance in
sport
Function of
Skeleton
Explanation
Importance in
sport
Movement
Muscle attachment Action when
to Bones
playing a shot
needs movement
Shape / Support
Provides a rigid
framework to hold
the player upright
Allows the player to
hold the body
upright
Protection
Bones protect vital
organs
Skull protects brain
from a blow to the
head
Types of Bones
There are 4 main types of bones in the human body.
Each type has a different size and shape because they
have different jobs to do:
Long Bones – These are long and affect our
overall height, e.g. the legs & arms (femur &
humerus).
Short Bones – These are smaller and are
often found with many others, e.g. the feet &
hands (phalanges).
Flat Bones – These are flat and are often
found forming a protective surface, e.g. the
skull (cranium) and pelvis.
Irregular Bones – These are irregular in shape
and have a specific function, e.g. the bones of
the spine (vertebral column).
Types of Synovial Joints
• HINGE joint
– Movement in only one plane
– Knee/elbow
• BALL AND SOCKET
– 3 planes of motion involving a
concave surface
– Hip joint/ Shoulder joint
• PIVOT Joint
– Turning movement about
one long central axis
– Neck - atlas/axis
Task
• Draw a synovial joint in action in a sport of
your choice.
• e.g. a footballer kicking a ball – focus on
knee. Fully label the parts of the joint and
state how it allows the movement.