Download Muscles of Mastication

MUSCLES OF
MASTICATION
Medical Therapeutics
Ms. Taylor
DID YOU
KNOW…..
Muscles in and around
your mouth facilitate
the mastication or
chewing process.
Glossary
DEGLUTION: SWALLOWING
MASTICATION: CHEWING
ORIGIN: MUSCLE ATTACHMENT SITE ON THE BONE
INSERTION: THE MUSCLE ATTACHMENT SITE THAT
HAS THE GREATEST AMOUNT OF MOVEMENT DURING
CONTRACTION
ACTION: THE DESCRIPTION OF MOVEMENT OF THE
MUSCLE
PALPATE: TO FEEL OR TOUCH WITH FINGERS OR
HANDS
BILATERAL: BOTH SIDE OR EQUALLY AFFECTING BOTH
SIDES
PROTRUDE: TO EXTEND IN AN OUTWARDS OR
FORWARD MOTION
LATERAL: THE SIDE OF THE BODY OR A BODY PART
THAT IS FARTHER FROM THE MIDDLE OR CENTER OF
There are four main muscles to help you
masticate (chew) They work together to
move the mandible.
MASSETER
TEMPORAL
MEDIAL PTYERGOID
LATERAL PTYERGOID
Masseter. Action: bilateral contraction
elevates mandible, clenches teeth
THE MASSETER IS THE MOST POWERFUL
PALPABLE MUSCLE OF THE MOUTH.
INSERTION: SUPERFICIAL HEAD INSERTS ON
LATERAL SURFACE OF THE ANGLE AND THE
DEEP HEAD INSERTS ON RAMUS ABOVE THE
ANGLE
Temporal Action: elevate
mandible, retract mandible
TEMPORAL ORIGIN: TEMPORAL FOSSA.
INSERTION: ANTERIOR BORDER OF
CORONOID PROCESS AND ANTERIOR
BORDER OF RAMUS.
MEDIAL PTERYGOID
Action: elevates mandible, protracts and
opens the mandible
Origin: pterygoid fossa on medial surface of lateral
pterygoid plate. Insertion: medial surface of angle of
mandible.
Lateral pterygoid Action: inferior portion depresses mandible,
its main action is when both muscles contract bringing the
lower jaw forward. If only one lateral pterygoid muscle
contracted, lower jaw shifts to opposite side and it also closes
the mandible.
INSERTION: ANTERIOR SURFACE OF NECK
OF MANDIBULAR CONDYLE.
Accessory muscles
of mastication
THERE ARE TWO SETS OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES THAT
AID IN MASTICATION.
SUPRAHYOID AND INFRAHYOID MUSCLES
SUPRAHYOID MUSCLES HELP TO RAISE THE FLOOR OF
THE MOUTH, THE LARYNX AND THE HYOID BONE
DURING DEGLUTION (SWALLOWING).
INFRAHYOID MUSCLES HELP TO DEPRESS THE HYOID
BONE DURING SWALLOWING AND SPEECH
SUPRAHYOID MUSCLES
INFRAHYOID
MUSCLES
OBICULARIS ORIS:
ENCIRCLES THE MOUTH,
ALLOWS THE LIPS TO
CONTROL MOST
MOVEMENTS OF THE
LIPS.
MENTALIS: RAISES THE
CHIN AND PUSHES UP
THE LOWER LIP
PLATYSMUS: LOWERS
THE BOTTOM LIP AND
PULLS THE ANGLE OF
THE CHIN DOWN AND TO
THE SIDE
BUCCINATOR:
COMPRESSES THE
CHEEK AGAINST THE
TEETH AND RETRACTS
THE ANGLE OF THE
MOUTH
DORSAL SURFACE OF
TONGUE
ENLARGED PAPILLAE
Circumvallate are large and are
formed at the base of the tongue.
Their primary role are taste.
Filliform are small cone like
projections in front of the
circumvallate papillae
Fungiform These are flattened
papillae found on the top and sides
of the tongue
Foliate papillae are a series of folds
on the sides of the tongue close to
the back of the tongue