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QUALITY CONTROL OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS by K. RAMESH Research Officer, Engineering Materials Laboratory, A.P. Engineering Research Laboratories, Himayatsagar, HYDERABAD-500030. Construction materials • • • • • Cement Aggregates (Fine & Coarse) Water Steel Reinforcement Cement Concrete Categories of I.S. Codes • • Codes which give specifications Codes which give methods of tests Important I.S. Codes Material Specifications Methods of tests 1. Cement 269-1989, 8112-1989, 12269-1987, 1489(P.1&P.2)-1991 4031(P.1 to P.15)-1996, 4032-1985 2. Aggregates 383-1970 2386(P.1 to P.8)-1963 3. Water 456-2000 3025(P.1 to 32)-1987 4. Steel 432(P.1 &P.2)-1982, Reinforcement 1786-2008 1608-1995, 1599-1985, 228(p.1 to 24)-1987 5. Cement Concrete 516-1959, 1199-1959 456-2000 Tests on cement (Physical Tests) • • • • • • Standard consistency Setting times (Initial and Final ) Compressive strength Fineness Soundness Specific Gravity Tests on cement (Chemical Tests) • • • • • • • Ratio of percentage of lime to percentages of silica, alumina and iron oxide Ratio of percentage of alumina to percentage of iron oxide Insoluble residue, percent by mass Magnesia, percent by mass Total sulphur content, percent by mass Total loss on ignition Total chloride content – Tests on fine aggregate • Sieve analysis • Deleterious materials • Soundness • Specific Gravity Tests on coarse aggregate • • • • • • • • • • Sieve analysis Flakiness index Elongation index Deleterious materials Impact value Crushing value Abrassion value Soundness Specific gravity Alkali aggregate reactivity Tests on water • • • • • • Neutralization Organic solids Inorganic solids Sulphates Chlorides Suspended matter Tests on steel reinforcement (Physical Tests) • Tensile test • Bend test • Rebend test • Bond test Tests on steel reinforcement (Chemical Tests) • Chemical composition (Carbon, Sulphur, Phosporous, Sulphur & Phosporous) Tests on cement concrete (Strength Tests) • Compressive strength • Flexure strength • Modulus of elasticity Tests on cement concrete (Workability & Other Tests) • • • • • • • • • Slump test Compaction factor test Vee-bee test Analysis of freshly mixed concrete Density Yield Air content Cement content of hardened concrete Drying shrinkage • Moisture movement