Download Jacksonian America - Redlands High School

AP United States
History
“Jacksonian America”
The Second Party System
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1. Different interest groups, often defined by region,
coalesced to form the second party system after the Era of
Good Feelings (Corrupt bargain, rise of Whig Party, end of
property requirements for suffrage, spoils system).
2. Supreme Court decisions under John Marshall often
favored the national government over the state governments
(Worcester v. Georgia, Dartmouth College v. Woodward,
McCullough v. Maryland)
3. Americans debated the government’s role in the economy
after the War of 1812 (American System, Maysville Veto,
Tariff of 1816)
Race and Culture
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1. Despite the outlawing of the international slave trade, the
rise in free blacks in the North and South, and emancipation
proposals, state governments restricted the rights of blacks
citizenship possibilities (American Colonization Society,
gradual emancipation, Missouri Compromise)
2. Resistance to initiatives to extend democracy were
demonstrated with restrictive anti-Indian policies (Indian
Removal Act, Worcester v. Georgia, Trail of Tears)
3. Enslaved and free blacks launched abolitionist and reform
movements aimed at changing their status (Frederick
Douglas, Sojourner Truth)
Economics
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1. Innovations both extended markers and brought efficiency
of production to the markets (steel plow, mechanical
reaper, Eli Whitney)
2. American workers left subsistence farming to produce
goods for the American marketplace (Lowell System)
3. Southern cotton produced raw material for the Northeast,
leading to production that would dominated international
trade and the economy (cotton gin, King cotton)
4. Despite attempts at national unity, the Northeast and
Midwest are linked more than the South (canals, Industrial
Revolution, American System)
The Impact of the Economy
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1. The Transportation Revolution led to the migration of
native-born whites westward (Erie Canal, pioneers,
squatter sovereignty)
2. Immigration from Europe increased population in the East
and Midwest, with economic ties between the two regions
expanding (Irish, Germans)
3. The South remained politically, socially, and ideologically
isolated from the rest of nation
4. Regional interests trumped national concerns for many
political leaders (Bank War, Tariff of 1816, gag rule,
Locofocos)
The Issue of Territory
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1. With expanding borders came debates about how to define
and use the new territories (Missouri Compromise, Indian
Territory)
2. Federal attempts to assert authority over the states
brought resistance from the North and South (Hartford
Convention, Nullification Crisis)
3. Whites living on the frontier supported expansionist efforts,
while resistance by Indians led to a series of wars and federal
efforts to control Indian populations (Trail of Tears, Indian
Territory)
Exam Hints
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1. Although Jackson is not specifically addressed in
concept outline, it is important that you understand the
man and his impact on the nation.
2. Most importantly, realize how he expanded the
presidency