Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher Date: October 16, 2007 Drill Oxygen present-Aerobic Respiration No Oxygen-Anaerobic Respiration Reactant Glucose 2 ATP 4 ADP 2NAD+ Product Pyruvic Acid 2 ADP 4 ATPP 2NADPH Net 2 ATP 2NADH Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle,occurs in mitochondria, is the common pathway to completely oxidize fuel molecules which mostly is acetyl CoA ,the product from the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate.It enters the cycle and passes ten steps of reactions that yield energy and CO2 PACKSMO remember this order Anaerobic Respiration Done by some Eukaryotes & some Prokaryotes Glycolysis Fermentation (alcohol) Glycolysis Reactants 2 ATP NAD+ 4ADP Products ADP NADH 4 ATP Pyruvic Acid Krebs Cycle Reactants NAD+ FAD Pyruvic Acid ADP Products NADH FADH2 CO2 2ADP Electron Transport Chain Reactants Products NADH NAD+ FADH2 FAD O2 H2O 34 ADP 34ATP Packsmo Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Aerobic (aerobe) Anaerobic (anaerobe) Process Glycolysis Glycolysis Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher Product Process Product Pyruvic Acid Krebs Cycle FADH2, NADH Pyruvic Acid Fermentation Lactic Acid (Ethyl Alcohol) Process ETC Fermentation 1. a. Occurs in cytoplasm b. Anaerobic c. 0 ATP (no ATP is made) Fermentation Better to go thru Aerobic respiration Fermentation: In fermentation these pyruvic acid molecules are turned into some “waste” product, and a little bit of energy (only two ATP molecules per molecule of glucose – actually four are produced in glycolysis, but two are used up) is produced. Out of many possible types of fermentation processes, two of the most common types are lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation is done by some fungi, some bacteria like the Lactobacillus acidophilus. in yogurt, and sometimes by our muscles. Normally our muscles do cellular respiration like the rest of our bodies, using O 2 supplied by our lungs and blood. However, under greater exertion when the oxygen supplied by the lungs and blood system can’t get there fast enough to keep up with the muscles’ needs, our muscles can switch over and do lactic acid fermentation. In the process of lactic acid fermentation, the 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules are turned into lactic acid. It is the presence of lactic acid in yogurt that gives it its sour taste, and Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher it is the presence of lactic acid in our muscles “the morning after” that makes them so sore. Once our muscles form lactic acid, they can’t do anything else with it, so until it is gradually washed away by the blood stream and carried to the liver (which is able to get rid of it), our over-exerted muscles feel stiff and sore even if they haven’t been physically injured. Alcohol fermentation is done by yeast and some kinds of bacteria. The “waste” products of this process are ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2). Humans have long taken advantage of this process in making bread, beer, and wine. In bread making, it is the CO 2 which forms and is trapped between the gluten (a long protein in wheat) molecules that causes the bread to rise, and the ethanol (often abbreviated as EtOH – do you remember how to draw it?) evaporating that gives it its wonderful smell while baking. The effects of the ethanol in beer and wine are something with which many college students are familiar (sometimes too familiar?), and it is the CO2 produced by the process of fermentation that makes these beverages effervescent. http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/cellresp.htm 1) Anaerobic –Animal (fermentation) Lactic Acid makes your arm hurts (chemical messenger) oxygen deprivation (oxygen debt) Train to stay away from the anaerobic side Pyruvic Acid (3C) Lactic Acid (3C) OATP 2+O=2ATP This lasts for 5 seconds, open and close fists Lactic Acid makes your arm hurts (chemical messenger) oxygen deprivation (oxygen debt) Train to stay away from the anaerobic side 2) Anaerobic –Plant /Fungi CO2 Pyruvic Acid Ethanol (2C) (3C) 2 + O=2ATP (grain alcohol) Facultative Anaerobic- can use either (human) Strict Anaerobe- only use anaerobic respiration Glucose Net= 2ATP O2 (animal) 2 Pyruvic Acid + 4 ATP -O2 Plant/fungi Pyruvic Acid Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher +O2 CO2 Lactic Acid +0 ATP+ + 2 ATP from GLY +2 ATP Acetyl CoA (2C) Oxaloacetic Acid (4C) Krebs Cycle + 2 ATP Ethanol +0 ATP from fermentation + 2 ATP FROM GLY +2 ATP Electron Transport Chain PACKSMO Easy way to remember Citric Acid (6C) 2ADP Malic Acid (4C) 2ATP CO2 Succenic Acid CO2 34+2+2=38ATP Best bet for energy +34 ATP from ETC + 2 ATP from Krebs +2 ATP from GLY Ketogluteric Acid (5C) ETC 34 ATP + H20 38 ATP III> Krebs Cycle a. Occurs in the mitochondria b. Aerobic respiration Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle,occurs in mitochondria, is the common pathway to completely oxidize fuel molecules which mostly is acetyl CoA ,the product from the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate.It enters the cycle and passes ten steps of reactions that yield energy and CO2 Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher