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George Orwell’s Animal Farm
Essential Vocabulary
Historical Background Info
Propaganda & Advertising
Nine Essential Vocabulary
Words
“Word” = definition
[in my own words it means…]
1. Allegory
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(n): the representation of an abstract
meaning through material form.
(n): the meaning of characters is used for
a deeper moral.
[in my own words allegory means…]
2. Propaganda
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(n): information, ideas, or rumors
deliberately spread widely for the intent of
harm.
[in my own words, propaganda means…]
3. Totalitarianism
“Toe-Tal-i-Tare-ian-ism”
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(n): absolute control by the state.
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[in my own words, totalitarianism means…]
4. Ensconce
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(v): to settle or hide securely.
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[in my own words, ensconce means to…]
5. Ignominious
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(adj): marked by humility, shameful,
degrading
[in my own words, ignominious means…]
6. Communism
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(n): a theory of social organization based
on holding all property in common.
[in my own words, communism means…]
7. Pseudonym
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(n): a fictitious name created to conceal
one’s identity.
[in my own words, a pseudonym is…]
8. Revolution
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(n): an overthrow of an established
government; a sudden or complete
change in something.
[in my own words, a revolution happened
when…]
9. Dystopia
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(n): a society characterized by misery,
oppression, and overcrowding.
[in my own words, a dystopia is…]
write “school” 
you can’t
George Orwell 1903-1950
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Pseudonym…Born “Eric Blair”
explores political corruption,
government involvement/
control, social injustices
Socialist
Criticized for unflattering
descriptions of Joseph Stalin and Soviet Union in AF
[why would an author use a pseudonym?]
Historical Background:
Karl Marx (1818-1883)
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German philosopher
Invents Communism
“workers of the world, unite”
Take over government
Dies before Russian Revolution
[what do I know about Marxism?]
The Struggle for POWER
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WWI prompts Russian anger at Tsar
Nicholas II (1917). Short on food, factory
wages too low.
Russia! 
Vladimir Lenin & Leon Trotsky
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Lenin- Marxist. The
Bolsheviks. The “Red”
army.
Leon Trotsky- communist.
Marxist. Wanted to
improve Russian life!
Good speaker.
Lenin’s demise
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Becomes ill
Becomes apprehensive about Stalin’s
aggressiveness
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Dies of a heart attack
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Trotsky’s still around! Trotsky v. Stalin begins!
Historical Background cont’d
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Joseph Stalina. 1941-1953
b. not a good speaker
c. opposed Marx’s ideas
d. “Five Year Plans”
1. industry!
2. exile
3. KGB
c. orders Trotsky be assassinated!
Good Speaker v. Poor Speaker
Leon Trotsky
Joseph Stalin
Ethos- credibility
Pathos- emotion
Logos- logical
???? Propaganda
???? Spies
???? Lies!
The Wonderful World of Advertising
Six Propaganda Techniques
In your notes, clearly define each technique.
Consider the following:
How many do you (or WILL you) recognize in
advertisements?
Which one tends to persuade YOU most? Why?
Bandwagon
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Persuading a
consumer by telling
them others are doing
it.
Testimonial
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A product is sold by
using words from
famous people or
an authority figure.
“I use this product;
therefore, you
should too…”
Transfer
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A product is sold by
the name or picture
of a famous person or
thing.
Repetition
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When the product’s name
or slogan is repeated at
least four times in an ad.
* Radio advertisements
excel with this technique!
Emotional Words
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When words that will
make a consumer feel
strongly about someone
or something are used.
False Idols
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The “same” body & face
is portrayed in most ads.
Men are more interested in
women portrayed in ads.
Consumers falsely believe
their body is their best
asset and should be
flaunted.
“Animal Farm” Web Quest/Project

Your team will present/explain:
1. one essential unit vocab word
its definition
an image/picture representing word
a memory cue to help remember it
2. An assigned historical person
tell us details about his life
find and include a picture of him
tell us what made him famous
Project Step One:
Graded “Silent Discussion” 15 minutes!
Your team will gather around a piece of paper with your assigned
person AND vocabulary word.
Select one color marker to be YOUR “voice.”
“Discuss” the person and term with your teammates through writing
and making connected “webs.” What do you know, what’s your
opinion, what questions do you have?
Allow one person to write at a time. Any noise/speaking/gestures will
decrease your entire team’s grade by ONE ENTIRE LETTER GRADE!
Example…..