Download Classical Rhetorical Analysis

Session 1
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Classical Rhetorical Analysis
Aristotle: “Rhetoric is the
observance of all available means
of persuasion.” (The Rhetorica)
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Roman Scholars on Rhetorical
Analysis:
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Invention
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Logos
Ethos
Pathos
Organization
Style
Delivery
Memoria
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Chapter 1
Argument and Persuasion (p. 8)
 Argument – uses evidence and reason to get
agreement (conviction)
 Persuasion – moves others from conviction to
action (action)
 Or, we “we may want to reserve the term
persuasion” for changing opinions through both
reason and other techniques (conviction and
action)
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Purposes of Argument
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Inform
Convince
Explore
Meditate
Pray
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Occasions
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Past – Forensic
Future – Deliberative
Present - Epideictic (Ceremonial)
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
STASIS THEORY
ARGUMENTS OF…
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Fact - Did something happen?
Definition - What is its nature?
Evaluation - What is its quality?
Proposal - What actions should be taken?
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Appeals
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Pathos – emotional
Ethos – writer’s authority and character
Logos - logical
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Chapter 2 – Pathos
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Emotion to build bridges
Emotion to sustain an argument
Humor
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Chapter 3 – Ethos
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Authority – intelligence
Trustworthiness
Good will
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Chapter 4 – Logos
Inartistic – hard facts and evidence
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Statistics
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Surveys and Polls
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Testimony
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Examples (Not listed by text)
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson
Logos (Cont.)
Artistic – reason and common sense
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Deductive
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Syllogism and Enthymeme
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Toulmin argument
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Structures
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Analogies (similies and metaphors)
Precedent
Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson