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American Classicism Or The Age of Enlightenment Or The Age of Reason Or The American Revolution Part I Differences Between Puritanism and Classicism Dates Puritanism 1620’s-1750’s Classicism 1750’s-1820’s Man is Mainly Interested in Puritanism The afterlife (predestination) Classicism His Earthly Life Man is Concerned with his Role Puritanism Man’s role with God and Church Classicism Man’s role with Society and his Relationship with Other Man Man Sought Guidance From Puritanism The Bible, Religious Leaders, Pious People Classicism Ancient Greece and Rome, Scientists, Philosophers, Thinkers. Greco-Roman=Classicism Believed that Men Were Puritanism Focus on Difference: Men were good or evil, saved or doomed Classicism Focus on Similarity: “All men are created Equal” Part II What’s Going on in the World In Europe • Centuries of War 1. People are sick of it and want peace 2. Scientific Discoveries 3. The colonies have been (mostly) left on their own. https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/timeline -of-enlightenment-scientific-discoveries Sir Isaac Newton Jan 4, 1643 – Mar 31, 1727 • Invented Calculus • 3 laws of Motion • Theorized that Gravity is a Universal Law • Causes Religious Upheaval Classicist View of Religion • Deism: Clockwork God: God set the world in motion and has been “hands off” • God gave Reason to Man – Man is a superior creature – Is Obligated to use the Gift of Reason • God created Natural Laws – Based on constants (rules) – Man could use reason (science) to discover these laws What’s Going on in The (forgotten) Colonies • What do you think the “Pilgrims” were doing the whole time? •Animals Multiply •Farms get Bigger •Cottage Industries •Trade (Bootlegging) Think about it How do you think the colonists reacted to things like The Stamp Act and The Townsend Acts? Puritans Classic Thoughts “The proper study of Mankind is Man” -Alexander Pope Classic Thought “cogito ergo sum” I think, therefore I am -Rene Descartes Man is facing a unique challenge; he must balance his religious beliefs with practical scientific findings. *************Examples? “Honesty is the best policy” Man in Society • Society is what elevates man above the animals • Social Contract – John Locke • Rights of Man – Thomas Hobbes • By using reason, man can make a great society • Common Needs and interests served Part IV. Classicist Literature • • • • • Clear, Logical, Reasonable Easily Understood by the Masses About Politics and Philosophy Writers were statesmen Rooted in Reality Types of Literature 1. Autobiographies ex. The Autobiography of Ben Franklin Evolved from the Puritan Journals Types of Literature 2. Speeches Ex. Patrick Henry’s Speech to the Virginia Assembly, July 5, 1775. Evolved from the Puritan Sermons Types of Literature 3. Pamphlets ex. “Common Sense” “The American Crisis” Evolved from the Puritan Poetry Types of Literature 4. Political Documents ex. “The Declaration of Independence” Types of Literature 4. Political Documents ex. The Articles of Confederation Helped convince some states like New York to ratify the constitution ex. The Federalist Papers Helped people understand what The Constitution was all about
