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A Meteorology Class Reading Radar and Warnings Ms. Mozer Objectives, Major Concepts: Weather & Climate SCSh4. Students use tools and instruments for observing, measuring, and manipulating scientific equipment and materials. a.b. Use technology to produce tables and graphs. Standards: Students will investigate energy transfer to types of clouds formed, precipitation, and air masses. a. Explain the relationship between air masses and the areas over which they form. b. Differentiate the four types of fronts, their structure, and the clouds and precipitation associated with each front. c. Relate weather events to the energy transfer within the Earth's atmosphere. d. Examine the role of energy transfer in the development of global weather patterns. SM3. Students will explore the science of weather forecasting. a. Analyze a surface weather map. b. Predict weather for a specific location using knowledge of air mass, frontal, and cyclone movement. c. Investigate and describe the formation of severe weather including severe thunderstorms, hurricane, tornadoes and their role in energy transfer. d. Describe the role of technological advancements on weather forecasting and relate that to the improvement of weather watch/warning issuance. Students will analyze the relationship of weather and society. a. Analyze the implications of severe weather events (droughts, floods, thunderstorms, tornadoes, winter weather, hurricanes, etc.) on local, national, and global economies. Your job today: Interpret data from radar images & maps Understand the differences: WATCHES & WARNINGS Think of yourself as a long distance driver You drive in lots of different weather conditions You are concerned that… http://www.brightcove.tv/title.jsp?title=932887574 What can RADAR tell you about the WEATHER? http://www.ieee-virtual-museum.org/collection/tech.php?id=2345896&lid=1 radar tower radar computers To learn more about the use of RADAR: http://www.usatoday.com/weather/wdoppler.htm Typically displayed on a black or dark background, radar data is depicted on the radar monitor using 4 primary colors. Green - light rain Yellow – moderate rain/shower Orange – heavy rain/thunderstorm RedVery heavy rain/strong-severe Thunderstorm The blue shown here is virga: precipitation that has evaporated before reaching the surface/ground • WORKSHEET 1. Review your instructions for interpreting radar data and the identification of storms on the radar image, and answer the questions below: a. Orange echoes on a radar image indicate ___________________. b. Information on a radar image is best used for ________________. Do you know when to use the radar and how it can help you to stay safe? Watches & Warnings Knowing the difference between these two weather advisories & how to read the radar can mean the difference between safe and destruction… A “watch” is not a “warning” • Tornado Watch: Tornadoes are possible in your area. Remain alert for approaching storms. • Tornado Warning: A tornado has been sighted or indicated by weather radar. If a tornado warning is issued for your area and the sky becomes threatening, move to your pre-designated place of safety. • Severe Thunderstorm Watch: Severe thunderstorms are possible in your area. • Severe Thunderstorm Warning: Severe thunderstorms are occurring. Remember, tornadoes occasionally develop in areas in which a severe thunderstorm watch or warning is in effect. Remain alert to signs of an approaching tornado and seek shelter if threatening conditions exist. Watches and Warnings What it means graphically … At 1pm, cold air moves into northern Georgia. A cold front is the leading edge of the cold air… At 1pm, cold air moves into northern Georgia. A cold front is drawn here to show the leading edge of the cold air Later today the afternoon temperatures reach into the 80’s …and the front continues to Move south… Because thunderstorms are expected along the front, a Severe Thunderstorm “ Watch” is issued early in the day, for much of central GA for the afternoon time period. Now it’s time to begin checking the radar… When the radar, or an eye witness detects a strong to severe Thunderstorm, a WARNING Is for an immediate action. Severe Thunderstorm Warning for “WORTH” county. Storm is moving Northeast at 30mph Residents in… If and when thunderstorms are indicated on the radar as strong and/or sever, look for warnings to be issued for the county (s) effected… Now do you know the difference between a “warning” and a “watch”? Let See… Pretend you must to drive to an area you have never been to before & the weather there is new to you. Can you tell the difference between a weather warning and a watch? Test yourself on these next three weather advisories. A “watch” is not a “warning” # 2. Recognize the differences? #3. Use your worksheet to respond to the following three examples. #1 Location: #2 Location: #3 Location Watch or Warning? #1 CAPITAN/NORTHERN SACRAMENTO MOUNTAINSSANDIA/MANZANO MOUNTAINS- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...CEDAR CREST...RUIDOSO AND SANDIA PARK 1123 AM MST MON NOV 15 2004 ... WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM MST THIS EVENING... SNOW WILL CONTINUE OVER THE CAPITAN AND NORTHERN SACRAMENTO MOUNTAINS...AS WELL AS THE SANDIA AND MANZANO MOUNTAINS THROUGH THE AFTERNOON. ANOTHER 1 TO 4 INCHES OF SNOW ARE POSSIBLE BY LATE IN THE DAY...MAINLY ABOVE 8000 FEET. AT THE LOWER ELEVATIONS...A MIX OF PRECIPITATION IS EXPECTED. #2 URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED FLOOD WATCH NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN/SAN ANTONIO TX 1219 PM CST MON NOV 15 2004 . EARLY THIS AFTERNOON...AN UPPER LEVEL LOW OVER BAJA CALIFORNIA CONTINUED TO EJECT UPPER DISTURBANCES INTO SOUTH TEXAS. THE LOW WAS NEARLY STATIONARY BUT WILL BEGIN MOVING SLOWLY EAST TONIGHT AND TUESDAY. INCREASING GULF MOISTURE AND INSTABILITY WILL RESULT IN THE POTENTIAL FOR HEAVY RAINS AND FLOODING THROUGH TOMORROW AFTERNOON AS SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS TRAIN FROM SOUTH TO NORTH ACROSS THE WATCH AREA. #3 THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN MIDLAND HAS ISSUED A * FLASH FLOOD WARNING FOR... ECTOR COUNTY IN WEST TEXAS * UNTIL 615 PM CST * AT 1215 PM CST... A NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE EMPLOYEE REPORTED STREET FLOODING IN ODESSA ALONG DIXIE HIGHWAY FROM MODERATE RAIN AND ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS. THESE THUNDERSTORMS ARE MOVING TO THE NORTH AT 30 MPH. AN ADDITIONAL 1 TO 2 INCHES OF RAINFALL THIS AFTERNOON WILL INCREASE THE THREAT FOR FLASH FLOODING OVER THE REST OF ECTOR COUNTY. FLASH FLOODING OF STREETS AND UNDERPASSES...LOW WATER CROSSINGS... AND DRAWS IS LIKELY. DO NOT DRIVE ACROSS FLOODED ROADS. DO NOT DRIVE YOUR VEHICLE INTO AREAS WHERE THE WATER COVERS THE ROADWAY. THE WATER DEPTH MAY BE TOO GREAT TO ALLOW YOUR CAR TO CROSS SAFELY. VEHICLES CAUGHT IN RISING WATER SHOULD BE ABANDONED QUICKLY. MOVE TO HIGHER GROUND. How was the drive? Did you recognize the differences? For this next activity you can take your time and practice your new weather skills. this will help you be a better long distance driver. Look over the next four items, then use your worksheet to complete item #4 on the worksheet. County Map for Florida Street Map • Worksheet, # 4 You are located in the town of Palm Bay next to the city of Melbourne. You will take I-95 North to the city of Daytona Beach. Going West you will take I-4 to your destination, the city of Tampa. Answer the following questions; but only refer to your route (happening where you are at, and place you are going to be driving/ travel through). a. What counties (if any) will most likely be dry? b. What counties (if any) will most likely experience light rain, only? c. What counties (if any) will most likely experience thunderstorms. • Worksheet, # 5 Discussion Board Topic What safety tip would you tell someone driving in heavy rain for the first time?