Download 8-S.1

Chapter
8 Section 1
Objectives
• Discuss how the new government was organized
during Washington’s presidency.
• Explain why the new nation faced an economic
crisis.
• Identify the three parts of Hamilton’s financial
plan.
• Describe how Washington responded to the
Whiskey Rebellion.
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Focus: Tuesday, January 21
Benchmark LA 7.1.6.8
Student will determine the main idea or essential message in grade-level or
higher texts through inferring, paraphrasing, summarizing, and identifying
relevant details.
Study the Map and timeline on pg. 280-281.
Based on the timeline, what were the external challenges France posed to
America?
• A. It was in debt.
• B. The government disagreed on resolving issues
• C. Britain and the France were united.
• D. Seizing American Ships.
Write the ULG in your Student Progress Chart.-A-(2-3)
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Objective-Unit Learning Goal
Students will be able to describe the
accomplishments and contributions of George
Washington’s administration with 90%
accuracy.
EQ: How did Americans respond to the internal
and external challenges of creating a new
Nation?
Prepare Sequence Map
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Terms and People
• inauguration– a ceremony in which the
President takes the oath of office
• precedent– an example to be followed by
others in the future
• bond – a certificate issued by a government for
an amount of money that the government
promises to pay back with interest
• speculator– a person who invests in a risky
venture in the hope of making a large profit
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Terms and People (continued)
• unconstitutional – contrary to what is
permitted by the Constitution
• tariff – a tax on imported goods
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Chapter
8 Section 1
How did President Washington set the
course for the new nation?
President Washington set precedents for
the nation by choosing top advisors to
form his Cabinet and by establishing the
court system.
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Chapter
8 Section 1
In April of 1789,
George Washington
began his term as
the first President of
the United States.
His inauguration
was held on April 30,
1789.
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Washington had several reasons to feel anxious as
he started his term as President.
The country
was divided
on many
issues.
His actions
would set a
precedent.
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The new
nation
depended on
him.
Chapter
8 Section 1
The first job of the President and the
Congress was to put a working government
in place.
Congress passed laws to set up the three
departments of the executive branch.
Treasury
State
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War
Chapter
8 Section 1
Washington appointed four well-known men as his
top advisors. This group later became known as
the Cabinet.
Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of the Treasury
Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of State
Henry Knox
Secretary of War
Edmund Randolph
Attorney General
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Washington also established a judiciary, or court
system.
Supreme Court
Circuit Courts
District Courts
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Washington also faced the challenge of
America’s significant debt.
The American
colonies
needed money
for the war.
The new
government owed
money to its
investors.
Americans and
foreigners bought
bonds to help the
war effort.
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Daily Agenda
Video Clip:
Read: 282-284-- Sequence Map
Cognitive Complexity- Investigation
Identify the situation: George Washington’s
Presidency
• Identify what is known or agreed upon Washington
• Offer a hypothetical scenario, based on what you
know
• Find out if your hypothetical scenario is possible or
reasonable – through your reading – then discuss with
your group
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Let’s Discuss. . .
• Turn to your partner and discuss one thing
about today’s objective and ULG you are
sure about.
• Now discuss one thing you are not clear
about or may need some extra help to
understand.
• Where do you think you are in today's
learning goal scales? Why?
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Home LearningWrite:
~Describe how you generated your hypotheses
and argue: Do you think George Washington
was a strong first President?
Use 1-2 details from your reading to support your
response.
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Reflection
•
•
•
•
•
Where do you think you are on today’s Unit learning goal? Rate
yourself 1-4. (1- I did not try very hard-and do not understand the
lesson and 4- I gave it my best-and understand today’s lesson)
To move up a level, what do you think you need to do?
Are you clear about the lesson so far?
Are you confused about anything?
Is there anything you can do to enhance your learning today?
• Write your reflection answering all questions/below your
summary.
• Complete your student progress chart
Have a nice day
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Focus: Wednesday, January 22
Benchmark LA 7.1.6.8
Student will determine the main idea or essential message in grade-level or
higher texts through inferring, paraphrasing, summarizing, and identifying
relevant details.
Review: The First President-pg. 283
Based on the first paragraph, what is the meaning of the word Precedent?
A. guide
B. leader
C. instruction
D. executive officer
Write the ULG in your Student Progress Chart.-C-(2-3)
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Objective-Unit Learning Goal
Students will be able to assess the countries first
economic crisis and Hamilton's plan for
recovery with 90% accuracy.
EQ: How did Americans respond to the internal
and external challenges of creating a new
Nation?
Prepare a Sequence Map
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Chapter
8 Section 1
The nation’s economic crisis was complicated by
the issue of speculators.
Speculators had
bought bonds
from the original
buyers for less
than they were
worth.
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If the government
paid its debt,
speculators
would make a
profit. Many
Americans
thought this was
unfair.
Chapter
8 Section 1
The new
government was
not collecting
enough money
to repay its
debt. It needed
new sources of
income.
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton
developed a plan to solve the financial crisis.
Pay all federal and
state debts
The
government
would:
Create a national
bank
Impose a high tax
on imported goods
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Chapter
8 Section 1
Many Southerners opposed Hamilton’s plan for the
government to repay state debts.
Hamilton
believed his
plan would
encourage
future investors.
Southerners
thought each
state should
repay its own
debts.
Southerners supported Hamilton after Congress
agreed to build the new capital city in the South.
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Chapter
8 Section 1
In 1791, Congress created the National
Bank. Americans disagreed over whether the
Constitution gave government this power.
Supporters pointed
out that the
Constitution gave
Congress the power
to make all laws
“necessary and
proper” for fulfilling
its duties.
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Opponents believed
a national bank was
unconstitutional,
because it was not
specifically
addressed in the
Constitution.
Chapter
8 Section 1
Daily Agenda
Video Clip
Read: Text: 284-286. Sequence Map
Cognitive Complexity-Prob. Solve
Overcoming Constraints or limited conditions in
the way of achieving goals
• Identify the goal to be accomplished• First Economic Crisis
• Describe the barriers that are preventing them from
achieving their goals.
• Identify solutions for overcoming the barriers (Discuss the
above issues with your group)
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Let’s Discuss. . .
• Turn to your partner and discuss one thing
about today’s objective and ULG you are
sure about.
• Now discuss one thing you are not clear
about or may need some extra help to
understand.
• Where do you think you are in today's
learning goal scales? Why?
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Home LearningWrite:
Argument: What is your argument on Hamilton’s
plan to resolve the economic debt-do you agree
with his “loose” interpretation of the Constitution
to create a National Bank or in the “strict”
interpretation made by Jefferson?
Argue your point! Be Persuasive!
Use 1-2 details from your reading to justify your
position.
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Reflection
•
•
•
•
•
Where do you think you are on today’s Unit learning goal? Rate
yourself 1-4. (1- I did not try very hard-and do not understand the
lesson and 4- I gave it my best-and understand today’s lesson)
To move up a level, what do you think you need to do?
Are you clear about the lesson so far?
Are you confused about anything?
Is there anything you can do to enhance your learning today?
• Write your reflection answering all questions/below your
summary.
• Complete your student progress chart
Have a nice day
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Focus: Thursday, January 23
Benchmark LA 7.1.6.8
Student will determine the main idea or essential message in grade-level or
higher texts through inferring, paraphrasing, summarizing, and identifying
relevant details.
Review: Read first paragraph, pg. 285
• Based on the first paragraph, what is the meaning of the word impose?
• A. request
• B. enforce
• C. necessitate
• D. venture
Write the ULG in your Student Progress Chart.-B-(2-3)
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Objective-Unit Learning Goal
Students will be able to discuss the reasons for
protest over whiskey and the rebellion that
followed with 90% accuracy.
EQ: How did Americans respond to the internal
and external challenges of creating a new
Nation?
Prepare Cornell Notes
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Hamilton’s Financial Plan
• Taxes
• Tariffs
• Hamilton advised Washington to start
taxing whiskey to help pay off the war
debt
• Excise Tax = a tax on goods bought, sold,
and made in the country
Why Whiskey?
• Whiskey is an alcoholic beverage made
from grain.
• Whiskey is much easier to transport than
grain.
• They got more money for the whiskey
anyway.
• Farmers could trade whiskey for sugar,
salt, and other goods.
The Excise Tax
• What do we already know about the life of
farmers at this time?
• Farmers did not have the money to pay
for the tax.
• This tax angers farmers even more.
The Whiskey Rebellion
• In 1794, a group of farmers in Western
Pennsylvania rebelled against the whiskey
tax and staged the Whiskey Rebellion.
• One group beat up a tax collector and
coated him with tar and feathers.
Why do you think tax collectors were tarred
and feathered?
The Government Responds
• Alexander Hamilton encouraged President
Washington to stop the revolt.
• Federal troops marched to Western
Pennsylvania and put down the revolt.
• Washington had proved that the
government would deal with people not
obeying the law.
Chapter
8 Section 1
Congress did not pass Hamilton’s tariff plan. In
1791, it imposed a tax on all U.S. whiskey.
This led to a
farmer’s revolt
known as the
Whiskey Rebellion.
Washington sent
troops to end the
revolt.
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Why do you think Washington chose to lead the troops
himself?
Chapter
8 Section 1
Reading Skill: Identify Actions
Issue
Action
Executive
Branch: Need
to organize new
government
Judicial Branch:
Need to create
federal court
system
Finances:
• Congress
creates three
departments
• Washington
makes top
advisors his
Cabinet
Congress
passes
Judiciary Act
creating
Supreme Court
and other
courts
Acting on
Hamilton’s
plan:
•
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•
•
Revolt:
Chapter
8 Section 1
Reading Skill: Identify Actions
Issue
Action
Executive
Branch: Need
to organize new
government
Judicial Branch:
Need to create
federal court
system
Finances: Need
to handle high
national debt
Revolt: Angry
farmers revolt
over whiskey
tax
• Congress
creates three
departments
• Washington
makes top
advisors his
Cabinet
Congress
passes
Judiciary Act
creating
Supreme Court
and other
courts
Acting on
Hamilton’s
plan:
• Assume state
debt
• Create
national bank
• Create tax on
whiskey
Washington
sends troops to
put down revolt
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Cause and Effect
• What caused the Whiskey Rebellion?
• Was it a success or a failure?
• What impact did the rebellion have on the
nation?
Cartoon-Whiskey Rebellion
Chapter
8 Section 1
Daily Agenda
Video Clip
Read: Text: 286-287/handout Tree Map
Cognitive Complexity-Prob. Solve
Interpret the Cartoon:
• Examine all aspects of the Cartoon.
• With your group, discuss and answer the questions
about the cartoon.
• Write a summary: What it the ultimate message
your cartoon is sending?
• Create a Cartoon-Showing a modern day Whiskey
Tax Rebellion.
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Let’s Discuss. . .
• Turn to your partner and discuss one thing
about today’s objective and ULG you are
sure about.
• Now discuss one thing you are not clear
about or may need some extra help to
understand.
• Where do you think you are in today's
learning goal scales? Why?
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Home LearningCritical thinking:
Analyze the problem-What caused the Whiskey
Rebellion? What could have been done to avoid
it?
Argument: Do you think Washington was politically
correct by bringing in troops to end the Whiskey
rebellion?
Take a position-Argue your point! Be Persuasive!
Use 1-2 details from your reading to justify your
position.
Washington Takes Office
Chapter
8 Section 1
Reflection
•
•
•
•
•
Where do you think you are on today’s Unit learning goal? Rate
yourself 1-4. (1- I did not try very hard-and do not understand the
lesson and 4- I gave it my best-and understand today’s lesson)
To move up a level, what do you think you need to do?
Are you clear about the lesson so far?
Are you confused about anything?
Is there anything you can do to enhance your learning today?
• Write your reflection answering all questions/below your
summary.
• Complete your student progress chart
Have a nice day
Washington Takes Office