Download 3.1 Notes: The Rock Cycle Most Rocks are Made of Minerals Rocks

3.1 Notes: The Rock Cycle
Most Rocks are Made of Minerals

Just like pieces of a puzzle combine to form the picture, __________________ combine to
form rocks.

Just like letters combine to make words, minerals combine to make rocks.

A _______ is a naturally formed solid that is usually made up of one or more types of minerals.

Rocks are not minerals.

The amount of different elements in a particular kind of rock can change.

The minerals in a rock can be jumbled together with no ____________________ structure.

Some rocks are made of only _____ mineral.
o Example: Limestone can be made up of pure
Calcite.

Some rocks are made of ______ minerals.
o Example: Obsidian
Rocks Change as They Move Through the Rock Cycle

Rocks change over thousands or even ______________
of years.

The rock cycle is the set of natural processes that form,
change, break down, and _____________________ rocks.

Rocks do not move through the rock cycle in a particular ____________________.

The rock cycle has no __________________________ or ending but goes on continually.
Rock Types

The 3 types of rock are classified by how they __________________.
Igneous

_____________________ rock forms when molten rock cools and becomes solid.

Igneous rock can form inside Earth or it can form on Earth’s __________________________.
Sedimentary

_____________________ rocks is formed when sediment gets pressed together.

________________________- tiny pieces of older rocks, plants, and other loose material.

Sediment forms when rocks are weathered.

The sediment is carried by water or wind and then settles, forming layers that are pressed
down into rock.
Metamorphic

_____________________ rock forms when heat or pressure causes older rocks to change
into new types of rocks.

The changes in heat and pressure cause the structure of the rock to change and new
_____________________ to form.
Rocks in the Crust

Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are all found in Earth’s _________________.

Most of Earth’s crust (______%) consists of igneous rock and metamorphic rock.

Sedimentary rock makes up only ______% of the crust.

However, __________________________ rocks are the most common type found at the
surface. Why?

Because they are formed by weathering and erosion, which occur on the surface.
Review
____1. The 3 groups of rock are sedimentary, metamorphic, and
A. Limestone
B. Granite
C. Igneous
D. Coal
____2. The rock cycle shows how rocks continually
A. Increase in size
B. Increase in number
C. Become more complex
D. Change over time
____3. What kind of rock forms when molten rock cools?
A. Metamorphic
B. Sedimentary
C. Igneous
D. Extrusive
____4. An existing rock can change into another type of rock when it is subjected to great
A. Pressure
B. Winds
C. Flooding
D. Foliation
3.1 Notes: The Rock Cycle
Most Rocks are Made of Minerals

Just like pieces of a puzzle combine to form the picture, minerals combine to form rocks.

Just like letters combine to make words, minerals combine to make rocks.

A rock is a naturally formed solid that is usually made up of one or more types of minerals.

Rocks are not minerals.

The amount of different elements in a particular kind of rock can change.

The minerals in a rock can be jumbled together with no crystal structure.

Some rocks are made of only one mineral.
o Example: Limestone can be made up of pure
Calcite.

Some rocks are made of no minerals.
o Example: Obsidian
Rocks Change as They Move Through the Rock Cycle

Rocks change over thousands or even millions of years.

The rock cycle is the set of natural processes that form,
change, break down, and reform rocks.

Rocks do not move through the rock cycle in a particular order.

The rock cycle has no beginning or ending but goes on continually.
Rock Types

The 3 types of rock are classified by how they form.
Igneous

Igneous rock forms when molten rock cools and becomes solid.

Igneous rock can form inside Earth or it can form on Earth’s surface.
Sedimentary

Sedimentary rock is formed when sediment gets pressed together.

Sediment- tiny pieces of older rocks, plants, and other loose material.

Sediment forms when rocks are weathered.

The sediment is carried by water or wind and then settles, forming layers that are pressed
down into rock.
Metamorphic

Metamorphic rock forms when heat or pressure causes older rocks to change into new types
of rocks.

The changes in heat and pressure cause the structure of the rock to change and new minerals
to form.
Rocks in the Crust

Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are all found in Earth’s crust.

Most of Earth’s crust (95%) consists of igneous rock and metamorphic rock.

Sedimentary rock makes up only 5% of the crust.

However, sedimentary rocks are the most common type found at the surface. Why?

Because they are formed by weathering and erosion, which occur on the surface.
Review
____1. The 3 groups of rock are sedimentary, metamorphic, and
C. Limestone
D. Granite
C. Igneous
D. Coal
____2. The rock cycle shows how rocks continually
C. Increase in size
D. Increase in number
C. Become more complex
D. Change over time
____3. What kind of rock forms when molten rock cools?
C. Metamorphic
D. Sedimentary
C. Igneous
D. Extrusive
____4. An existing rock can change into another type of rock when it is subjected to great
C. Pressure
D. Winds
C. Flooding
D. Foliation