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Chapter 5: Cell Growth and Division Review Sheet
Test Format:


33 M/C
10 Short Answer
45 Points Total (48 possible)
What to Study:
 Ch 5 Notepacket
 Study Guide Ch 5
 This Review Sheet
 Cell Cycle Pie Chart
Question
Answer
The Cell Cycle (5.1)
1. What are the four main stages of the Cell Cycle?
2. What happens in Gap 1?
3. What happens in the Synthesis phase?
4. What happens in Gap 2?
5. What are the two parts of the Mitotic Phase (Cell
Division) and what happens in each?
6. G1 + S + G2 together are what longest phase of the
cell cycle?
7. A parent cell that completes the cell cycle produces
how many daughter cells?
8. A parent cell that begins the cell cycle with 24
chromosomes creates 2 daughter cells with how
many chromosomes in each cell?
9. Explain how a parent cell can divide to create two
new cells with the same number of chromosomes as
the parent cell started with.
10. Are the cells in #8 identical or different from each
other and the original parent cell that created them?
11. Which type of cells divide faster, prokaryotic or
eukaryotic? Why?
12. Why do cells lining the stomach need to divide more
often than blood cells or liver cells?
Gap 1 (G1), Synthesis (S), Gap 2
(G2), Mitotic Phase (M or Cell
Division)
Cell Growth, organelles increase
in number & cell carries out
normal functions
Chromosomes (made of DNA)
get copied
Cell continues normal functions,
gets larger & prepares for
division
Mitosis = nuclear division
Cytokinesis = cytoplasmic
division
Interphase
2
24
Before division, chromosomes
are duplicated so that each
daughter cell receives a
complete identical set
Identical
Prokaryotic b/c they do not have
as much DNA and they do not
have organelles that need to be
made
They are subjected to a lot of
wear and tear (stomach acids) so
13. As a cell grows, what happens to the ratio of its
surface area to its volume?
14. As a cell grows, what does it have a more difficult
time doing?
15. Instead of continuing to grow, what happens to a cell
when it has maxed out its surface area to volume
ratio?
need to be replaced more often
SA:Volume decreases (cell
membrane does not grow as fast
as cytoplasm)
A larger cell has a more difficult
time obtaining nutrients and
removing wastes.
It divides, creating two smaller
cells.
Mitosis & Cytokinesis (5.2)
16. Double stranded molecule made of nucleotides,
found in the nucleus of cells
17. A tightly packed, long continuous thread of DNA
consisting of many genes
18. Combination of DNA + histone proteins, loosely
packed, (thin spaghetti-looking material)
19. When during the cell cycle can you actually see
chromosomes?
20. How many chromosomes are in a human skin cell?
21. Label the diagram to the right with the following
terms:
 Sister chromatids
 Telomere
 Centromere
22. Where the spindle grows from – will move to
opposite sides of the cell during mitosis
23. Microtubules that attach to and move and separate
chromatids (chromosomes) during mitosis
24. List the four stages of mitosis in order
25. How is cytokinesis different in plant cells than in
animal cells
26. In what stage of mitosis are the sister chromatids
pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell?
DNA
Chromosome
Chromatin
During cell division (the Mitotic
phase)
46
Centrioles (the fishermen)
Spindle Fibers (fishing lines)
Prophase, Metaphase,
Anaphase, Telophase
Plant cells create a cell plate
between the new nuclei – animal
cells simply pinch in two
Anaphase
27. In what stage of mitosis are the sister chromatids
lined up in the middle of the cell?
metaphase
28. In what stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids
condense and the nuclear membrane breaks down?
prophase
29. In what stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids
uncoil and the nuclear membrane start to re-form?
telophase
30. In the diagram below, identify each stage of the cell
cycle: Note – they are not in order!
1 = anaphase
2 = metaphase
3 = prophase
4 = telophase
31. Using the diagram in #30, list sequence of the cells in
order
3 2  1  4
Regulation of the Cell Cycle (5.3)
32. If a cell does not get a go-ahead signal at the G1
Checkpoint, what stage does it enter? What does this
mean?
33. If a cell does not get a go-ahead signal at the M
checkpoint, what happens?
34. Proteins that bind to cells and stimulate cell division
35. When normal cells come into contact with other cells,
what happens?
36. Programmed cell death (self-destruction of cells) that
plays an important role in development
37. When a cell loses control over its cycle of growth and
division & continues to divide
38. Mass of disorganized cells created from repeated cell
divisions
39. Type of #38 that remain clumped together and may
be cured by removal
G0 = no growth (cell will not
divide)
40. Type of #38 that invade other tissues and are harder
to remove
41. #40 Can do this, where they break free and cause
tumors in other parts of the body
42. Substances that are known to cause cancers are
called? Give examples
Malignant tumors
A multinucleated cell
Growth factors
They stop dividing
apoptosis
Cancer
tumor
Benign tumor
Metastasize
Carcinogens
Ex/UV radiation from sun, X
Rays, tobacco smoke, some
viruses
Asexual Reproduction (5.4)
43. How many parents are needed in asexual reproduction?
one
44. Are offspring identical or different in asexual
reproduction?
45. How many parents needed for sexual reproduction?
46. Are offspring identical or different in sexual
reproduction?
47. What is the shape of a bacterial chromosome?
48. What is the name for asexual reproduction of bacteria?
49. Which type of reproduction is better (asexual or sexual)
in terms of being able to adapt to new environments
identical
two
different
circular
Binary fission
Sexual b/c populations would
have genetic variety
Multicellular Life (5.5)
50. List the levels of organization in your body from smallest
 largest
51. Process by which unspecialized cells develop into their
mature forms and functions
51. Cells in an embryo differentiate based on this
52. An undifferentiated cell that can develop into a variety of
specialized cell types
53. These stem cells can become almost any cell in the
human body (are pluripotent)
54. These stem cells can become only a few, closely related
cells (mutlipotent)
Cells  tissues  organs 
organ systems  organism
differentiation
Their location in the embryo as it
develops
Stem cells
Embryonic stem cells
Adult stem cells