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Introductory Astronomy - Quiz # 1 - Fall 2006 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 1. The point in the sky directly above your head at any given time is called the a. nadir b. zenith c. celestial pole d. horizon point e. bald spot 2. When it comes to our place in the solar system today, which model do we accept? a. geocentric b. heliocentric c. Ptolemaic d. Aritotelean e. self-centered 3. Someone who observes the sky every clear night in Boston for many years will NEVER get to see: a. the south circumpolar zone b. the north celestial pole c. the observer's zenith point d. the north circumpolar zone e. the Big Dipper 4. Every celestial object appears to go around the Earth once a day. In addition to this motion, which celestial object has the fastest apparent motion in the sky? a. Mars b. the Sun c. Venus d. the Moon e. the Big Dipper 5. The strip of the sky through which the Sun, the Moon, and the bright planets appear to move in the course of a year is called: a. the zodiac b. the celestial equator c. the circumpolar zone d. the horizon e. the asteroid belt 6. When a planet temporarily moves westward in the sky over the course of several weeks or months (instead of eastward, as it typically does), we call it: a. precession b. ecliptic motion c. retrograde motion d. circumpolar motion e. rude 7. In Ptolemy's system the planets orbit the Earth and not the Sun. How did the system explain the retrograde motion of planets like Jupiter? a. the planets were not moving along the ecliptic but all over the celestial sphere b. the planets moved in very elongated ellipses, and their speed in orbit changed radically over the course of a year ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____ 11. c. the Sun moved among the planets, and pulled them out of their circular orbits d. the planets moved on a small circle whose center in turn circled a point near the Earth e. you can't fool me, Ptolemy's system did not include ANY explanation of retrograde motion We now know that the orbit of a stable planet around a star like the Sun is always in the shape of: a. a circle b. a parabola c. a straight line d. an ellipse e. none of the above According to Kepler's third law, there is a relationship between the time a planet takes to revolve around the Sun and its a. size b. period of rotation c. distance from the Sun d. eccentricity e. astrological sign Newton showed that to change the direction in which an object is moving, one needs to apply: a. a force b. an orbit c. an inertia d. a perigee e. a bribe Which of the following statements about the force of gravity is FALSE? a. it is a universal force, which acts everywhere in space b. its strength decreases as the square of the distance c. its strength is inversely proportional to the mass: the more mass, the less gravity d. the force never becomes zero e. it causes the paths of the planets to be ellipses and not straight lines Introductory Astronomy - Quiz # 1 - Fall 2006 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: B B A D A C D D C A C