Download Name: Date:______ Period:___ Map of Ancient Egypt GUIDED

Name: __________________
Date:_________ Period:___
Map of Ancient Egypt
Label the following on the map:
A. Bodies of Water
1. Nile River- Place an S at its
source, place and M at the river’s
mouth (pg R21)
2. Red Sea (pg 39)
3. Mediterranean Sea (pg 39)
4. Lake Victoria (pg R21)
Deserts
1. Sahara (pg R18)
2. Arabian Desert (pg 39)
B. Cities
Alexandria (already labeled)
Cairo* (pg R18)
Giza (pg 39&62)
Memphis (already labeled)
Thebes (39&62/ Karnak
Temples)
C. Other countries/land
areas
1. Canaan- Palestine-Israel (all
the same place pg R18)
2. Phoenicia- Lebanon (R18)
3. Syria (pg R18)
D. Even more places to
label
Lower Egypt (pg 39&62)
Upper Egypt (pg 39&62
Modern Day Egypt (pg R18)
Africa (pg R21)
Suez Canal (pg R18)
***The gray area on the map
represents water. If you see gray
on land it is a region that is
mountainous.
1
GUIDED READING ACTIVITY 2-1
The Nile Valley
Directions: Outline Reading the section (pages 38-46) and completing the outline below
will help you learn more about the Nile valley. Refer to your textbook to fill in the
blanks.
I. The Egyptians relied upon the ____________ for their water needs.
A. The Nile River is the world’s _______________ river.
1. The Nile River flows for a distance of __________ miles.
2. The Nile begins as two separate rivers, the ________________ flowing from
Eastern Africa and the ____________ from the marshes of Central Africa.
B. Geographic features of the Nile River ____________ the Egyptians.
1. To the far south, the Nile’s dangerous _____________ blocked enemy boats.
2. In the north, the _______________ marshes offered no harbors for invaders from
the sea.
II. The Egyptians had to cope with river ____________, although they were more
dependable and gentle than those of the Tigris and Euphrates.
A. As a result, of regular flooding, the Egyptians were able to farm and live ________.
1. After the floodwaters went down, the farmers were left with a layer of dark,
___________ mud.
2. One reason for the Egyptians’ successful farming was their wise use of
____________.
B. Egyptians _____________ technology for their society.
1.The Egyptians used _____________ to make writing paper.
2. Egyptians developed their own system of writing called ________________.
3. Extra amounts of food freed some people to work as ________________ instead of
farmers.
III. Around 3100BC, Egypt’s two major kingdoms were combined into _____________.
A. ____________, also known as Menes, is the king credited for unification.
B. Egyptian society was divided into ______________ based on wealth and power.
2
GUIDED READING ACTIVITY 2-2
EGYPT’S OLD KINGDOM
Directions: Filling in the blanks-Read page 47-52 about the old kingdom and fill in the
blanks.
The period of Egyptian history known as the (1)_________________ began
around 2600 BC and lasted about 800 years. The Egyptian (2)_________________
guided all activity and had to be obeyed without question. The Egyptian people believed
the pharaoh was the son of (3)______________, the Egyptian sun god.
The Egyptians worshiped many gods and goddesses and they believed that these
deities controlled the forces of (4)_________________ and human activity. They
believed in a hopeful life after (5)________________ that could be attained through
living a good life and pleasing the gods. At first, Egyptians believed that only the
(6)________________ and an elite few could enjoy the afterlife, the Egyptians developed
a preserving process called (7)________________. Through this process, they learned
much about the human body and became
skilled at using herbs and drugs to treat
different (8)________________. Many of the
important organs were stored in
_____________ jars.(to be provided in class)
Because the afterlife was so important
in Egyptian religion, no ordinary (9)________________ would do for a pharaoh. Giant
tombs called (10)__________________ were built with the entrance facing
(11)_______________. In order to make the calculations necessary for building these
massive structures, the Egyptians had to make advancements in
(12)____________________ including a system of numbers based on
(13)__________________. The largest pyramid, known as the
(14)_________________________, is located about 10 miles from the modern city of
(15)________________. The pyramid was built for King (16)____________________
and stands nearly (17)___________ feet tall.
3
Read the following. The great pyramids (See picture on board) of Giza were built as
tombs for mighty pharaohs. The Great Pyramid was built around 2551 B.C. to house the
body of King Khufu. His mummified body was entombed in a secret chamber to
safeguard against grave robbers along with treasures for him to take to the afterlife.
Despite hidden entrances and blocked-off passage ways, Khufu’s tomb was still looted,
and the robber’s tunnel is now the main entrance. Built with phenomenal precision it
stands 481 feet high, contains about 2,300,000 blocks of stone, and the base is level to 2.1
centimeters (less than an inch).
Tomb Raiders and Builders- Read the following while viewing the pictures on the
board and then complete the activity below.
Tomb Raiders- Picture A- The robbers made a small tunnel into a tomb so that they
could cover it up afterwards. Picture B- They smashed open the chests of treasures and
filled their baskets with gold and jewels. Picture C-Under cover of night they loaded
their baskets of loot onto the donkeys and quickly escaped.
Tomb Builders- Picture D- Workman dragged the blocks to the boats, which took them
down the river to the pyramid site. Picture E- All the sand was removed from the site,
and the rock was flattened so it would support the building. Picture F- As the pyramid
grew all the workman hauled the blocks up the ramps studded with wooden rollers.
Picture G- The ramps were gradually removed, and a layer of gleaming polished stone
was added.
Willing Workers
People used to think that the pyramids were built by slaves who were treated
harshly, but the workers were actually free men. They were paid by the
pharaoh, and they were proud to be part of such an amazing achievement.
As well as the builders, a massive number of people were needed to
provide all of the stone, feed the workers, and transport the blocks
from the quarry to the building site. This was such a huge effort of
organization that building the pyramids helped to transform Egypt
into a powerful and efficient country.
EGYPT’S RELIGION
Directions: Read page 49 “Egyptian Religion” in your textbook and then complete the
following activity. Identify and explain the importance of the following Egyptian deities.
Re (Ray)
Osiris
Isis
Anubis (read
picture caption)
Ammit “the
devourer”
(to be added in
class
Hapi
4
LIFE AFTER DEATH: MUMMIFICATION
Directions- Read Life After Death on page 49, then complete the following.
1. Define embalming_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. Do you think it is right or wrong to take things from a tomb for museums? Explain
your answer.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. List the items you would want in your tomb.
________________________________________________________________________
*see smartboard for Virtual mummification!
4. Define mummification- __________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
THE EGYPTIAN EMPIRE- Section-2-3
Read the “Middle Kingdom” on pages 60-1, and then fill out the guided reading activity.
1. What contributed to the destruction of the Old Kingdom?
________________________________________________________________________
2. The capital of the Middle Kingdom was _______________.
3. List the three areas of culture that thrived during the Middle Kingdom.
______________________ / ________________________ / ______________________
4. What advantages of warfare did the Hyksos use to defeat the Egyptians?
________________________________________________________________________
5. Who was the Egyptian prince who drove out the Hyksos?
________________________________________________________________________
THE NEW KINGDOM
Directions: Read the “New Kingdom” on pages 61 through 67 and then fill out the guided reading
activity.
1. During the New Kingdom pharaohs were able to reach its ____________ of
__________ and ___________.
2. List 3 of Hatshepsut’s greatest achievements. Use the following sections in the
reading:
Page 62 A Woman Ruler and page 63 Biography: Hatshepsut
a.______________________________________________________________________
b.______________________________________________________________________
c.______________________________________________________________________
A RELIGIOUS REFORMER
Directions- Read page 64, “A Religious Reformer,” and complete the following activity.
1. Why did Amenhotep (Akhenaton) decide to change Egypt’s worship of many gods to
the worship of one god, Aton?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5
2. Was Akhenaton successful in his pursuit of religious reform in Ancient Egypt?
Explain why or why not?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
A BOY KING: TUTANKHAMEN
1. Write down everything you know or have heard about King Tutankhamen
________________________________________________________________________
2. What happened to Lord Carnarvon and Howard Carter after discovering the tomb of
King Tutankhamen?
________________________________________________________________________
SECTION FOUR: THE CURSE OF KING TUT’S TOMB!
(Circle the option that you believe to be true)
Option A- A curse haunted those who disturbed the mummy of the pharaoh
Tutankhamen. Lord Carnarvon, who organized the expedition, died less than a year after
entering the tomb. At the moment of his death in Cairo, all the lights in the city went out.
At the same time, back in England, his beloved dog howled and died. Other people who
were said to have visited the tomb also died.
Option B- All of the spine-chilling tales are completely untrue. There is no curse written
on the wall of Tutankhamen’s tomb, and Lord Carnarvon died of nothing more sinister
than a mosquito bite. Howard Carter, the leader of the expedition and the first man to
enter the tomb, lived happily ever after.
*Tutankhamen was only a minor king. We can only imagine the treasures that must have
filled the tombs of great pharaohs like Ramses II, who ruled for 67 years!
Why is King Tutankhamen so popular today?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. List 3 of Ramses II’s greatest achievements. Use the following sections in the
reading:
Pg 65 The End of the New Kingdom, pg 66 Biography: Ramses II and
pg 67 Why the Temples Were Built
a.______________________________________________________________________
b.______________________________________________________________________
c.______________________________________________________________________
6